{"title":"Best Selling Products","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"5-amino-1mq","title":"5-Amino-1MQ","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e5-Amino-1MQ | 5-Amino-1-Methylquinolinium | Selective NNMT Inhibitor | Research Compound\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFull Name:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5-Amino-1-Methylquinolinium \u003cstrong\u003eAlso Known As:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5-Amino-1MQ, NNMTi \u003cstrong\u003eMechanism:\u003c\/strong\u003e Selective, membrane-permeable inhibitor of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT) \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₁₀H₁₁N₂⁺ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 159.21 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 63887-14-9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is 5-Amino-1MQ?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e5-Amino-1MQ (5-Amino-1-Methylquinolinium) is a small, membrane-permeable synthetic molecule first characterised by researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch in 2017. It was developed as a selective inhibitor of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT) — a cytosolic enzyme responsible for methylating nicotinamide using S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor, producing 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) in the process.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWhile technically classified as a small molecule rather than a peptide, 5-Amino-1MQ has rapidly become one of the most actively studied research compounds in the fields of metabolic biology, NAD+ pathway research, and ageing science — and is frequently catalogued alongside research peptides given its overlapping research applications and target audience.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNNMT is expressed at high levels in white adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, brain, kidney, heart, and lung — and its expression increases markedly with age in muscle tissue, with one study reporting approximately three-fold higher NNMT protein expression in aged versus young muscle. Elevated NNMT activity has been consistently linked to metabolic dysfunction, obesity, insulin resistance, sarcopenia, and impaired NAD+ availability. By selectively inhibiting this enzyme, 5-Amino-1MQ disrupts a key metabolic bottleneck, redirecting nicotinamide flux back toward NAD+ synthesis via the salvage pathway — a mechanism that has generated substantial scientific interest across multiple research disciplines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eA critical advantage of 5-Amino-1MQ over many earlier NNMT inhibitors is its high membrane permeability. Confirmed by both PAMPA assay and bidirectional Caco-2 cell transport studies, this property enables the compound to cross cellular membranes effectively — a prerequisite for intracellular NNMT engagement that earlier inhibitors in this class lacked. Importantly, 5-Amino-1MQ has demonstrated high selectivity for NNMT, with preclinical data showing it does not inhibit related SAM-dependent methyltransferases or other enzymes in the NAD+ salvage pathway.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur 5-Amino-1MQ is manufactured under rigorous quality-controlled conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS), and supplied as a lyophilised powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e5-Amino-1MQ has accumulated a compelling body of preclinical evidence since its introduction, spanning metabolic biology, skeletal muscle research, adipose tissue science, cardiovascular biology, and oncology. Its position at the intersection of NAD+ metabolism, methyl-donor homeostasis, and sirtuin signalling makes it one of the most mechanistically versatile research compounds currently available.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe NNMT-NAD+ Axis: Core Mechanism\u003c\/strong\u003e NNMT occupies a critical node in cellular metabolic regulation by consuming nicotinamide — the primary substrate for NAD+ biosynthesis via the salvage pathway — and diverting it toward methylated metabolite production. When NNMT activity is elevated, as it is in obesity, ageing, and metabolic disease states, intracellular NAD+ levels decline. This depletion has cascading downstream consequences: reduced sirtuin (SIRT1, SIRT3) activity, impaired mitochondrial function, disrupted energy sensing, and increased cellular senescence. By inhibiting NNMT, 5-Amino-1MQ preserves nicotinamide availability for NAD+ synthesis via nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), effectively boosting intracellular NAD+ without the need to supply exogenous NAD+ precursors. In vitro studies have confirmed that 5-Amino-1MQ treatment significantly increases intracellular NAD+ levels in both adipocyte and hepatocyte cell models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdipose Tissue \u0026amp; Obesity Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The most extensively documented preclinical research on 5-Amino-1MQ concerns its effects in adipose tissue and diet-induced obesity models. In a landmark study published in Biochemical Pharmacology, obese mice treated with 5-Amino-1MQ demonstrated significant reductions in body weight, white adipose tissue mass, and adipocyte size relative to vehicle-treated controls — achieving body composition parameters comparable to lean control animals. These changes occurred without significant reduction in food intake, suggesting the effects were driven by increased energy expenditure rather than appetite suppression. In vitro, 5-Amino-1MQ suppressed lipogenesis and reduced intracellular 1-MNA levels in differentiated adipocytes, providing mechanistic support for the in vivo findings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInsulin Sensitivity \u0026amp; Glucose Metabolism\u003c\/strong\u003e Parallel to its effects on fat mass, 5-Amino-1MQ has been studied in models of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Preclinical data in diet-induced obese mouse models demonstrated marked improvements in insulin sensitivity, with one study observing reductions in serum insulin levels of 50–60% alongside normalisation of glucose tolerance and fasting blood glucose. These findings are consistent with the known role of NNMT in adipose tissue insulin signalling and have led researchers to position NNMT inhibition — and 5-Amino-1MQ specifically — as a mechanistically novel and complementary approach to existing metabolic disease research tools.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSkeletal Muscle \u0026amp; Sarcopenia Research\u003c\/strong\u003e A significant and rapidly expanding body of literature has examined 5-Amino-1MQ in models of skeletal muscle ageing and regeneration. NNMT expression increases approximately three-fold in aged versus young muscle tissue, and this overexpression has been identified as a dominant component of the gene expression signature for sarcopenia. Elevated NNMT activity in aged muscle is associated with impaired NAD+ availability, dysregulated SIRT1 activity, and increased muscle stem cell (satellite cell; MuSC) senescence — all contributors to the decline in regenerative capacity that characterises ageing muscle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIn a pivotal study examining aged mouse models of muscle injury, NNMT inhibitor treatment with 5-Amino-1MQ rescued muscle stem cell function, producing nearly two-fold greater cross-sectional area (CSA) in regenerated myofibres and significantly shifting fibre size distribution toward larger, functionally superior fibres compared to untreated controls. Contractile force in healed muscle was approximately 70% greater in the 5-Amino-1MQ treated group.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eA subsequent 2024 study published in Scientific Reports (University of Texas Medical Branch) directly compared exercise training alone versus exercise training combined with 5-Amino-1MQ in aged mice. The addition of 5-Amino-1MQ to the exercise protocol produced approximately 150% increases in daily running distance that were sustained over the study period — compared to an initial 75% increase that tapered significantly with exercise alone. Grip strength improvements also exceeded those achieved by exercise training in isolation, leading researchers to describe 5-Amino-1MQ as producing additive effects beyond exercise through mechanistic pathways distinct from training adaptation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethyl-Donor Metabolism \u0026amp; Epigenetic Research\u003c\/strong\u003e NNMT's consumption of SAM — the universal methyl donor — places it at the centre of epigenetic regulation as well as metabolic biology. When NNMT is overactive, SAM availability for other methyltransferases is reduced, potentially disrupting DNA methylation, histone methylation, and other epigenetically regulated processes. 5-Amino-1MQ, by inhibiting NNMT, preserves SAM availability for these competing methylation reactions. This intersection of metabolic and epigenetic regulation has made NNMT — and by extension, 5-Amino-1MQ — a subject of growing interest in ageing biology and epigenetic research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular Research\u003c\/strong\u003e NNMT's role in cardiovascular pathophysiology has become an active area of research, with the enzyme's upregulation linked to atherosclerosis, hypertension, and myocardial ischaemia through multiple pathways. NNMT-mediated NAD+ depletion impairs sirtuin activity and mitochondrial antioxidant defences, while elevated homocysteine levels resulting from SAH accumulation activate pro-inflammatory cascades including TLR4–NF-κB and STAT3–IL-1β signalling. A 2025 review in Biomolecules identified 5-Amino-1MQ as one of the leading candidate NNMT inhibitors for cardiovascular therapeutic research, noting its selectivity and membrane permeability as key pharmacological advantages. No clinical trials in cardiovascular disease have yet been conducted with NNMT inhibitors, making this an open and compelling frontier for preclinical research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOncology Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Emerging preclinical evidence suggests NNMT plays a role in tumour biology. NNMT overexpression has been observed in several cancer types, and its activity has been linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumour stroma remodelling, and enhanced migratory and invasive capacity in cancer cell lines. While 5-Amino-1MQ has not been the primary tool in all oncology-focused NNMT studies, the mechanistic connection between NNMT activity and cancer-associated metabolic reprogramming has positioned NNMT inhibition as an area of growing research interest in experimental oncology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCompound\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5-Amino-1MQ (5-Amino-1-Methylquinolinium)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClass\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSelective NNMT inhibitor (small molecule)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₁₀H₁₁N₂⁺\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e159.21 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or DMSO\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMembrane Permeability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHigh (confirmed by PAMPA and Caco-2 assay)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSelectivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHigh — does not inhibit related SAM-dependent methyltransferases\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e63887-14-9\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our 5-Amino-1MQ undergoes a comprehensive quality control process prior to release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms compound purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity and structural integrity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across synthesis, purification, and quality testing, giving researchers the confidence required for reproducible and reliable experimental work.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e5-Amino-1MQ lyophilised powder is soluble in sterile water or DMSO, depending on the experimental protocol. For aqueous reconstitution, gently swirl in sterile bacteriostatic water until fully dissolved. If using DMSO, ensure downstream dilution into aqueous buffer is performed to maintain cell viability in cell-based assays. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately and store at –20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to preserve compound integrity and experimental reproducibility.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e5-Amino-1MQ in Context: Relationship to Other Catalogue Compounds\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e5-Amino-1MQ occupies a distinctive and complementary position within our research catalogue. Its mechanism — NNMT inhibition leading to elevated intracellular NAD+ — places it in a direct functional relationship with MOTS-c, which operates at the level of mitochondrial signalling and AMPK activation. Both compounds converge on cellular energy metabolism and represent complementary tools for researchers studying metabolic ageing and bioenergetics from different mechanistic angles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFor researchers working on metabolic dysfunction, 5-Amino-1MQ also provides a mechanistically distinct perspective relative to the receptor-level hormonal signalling approach of retatrutide. While retatrutide acts systemically via GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors to modulate energy homeostasis, 5-Amino-1MQ operates intracellularly — directly at the level of NAD+ availability and methyl-donor metabolism — offering researchers a complementary tool for multi-pathway metabolic research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll compounds in our catalogue are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and are supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. 5-Amino-1MQ has not entered clinical trials and is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":59643105050958,"sku":null,"price":28.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"50mg","offer_id":59643105083726,"sku":null,"price":78.88,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_173347_d68e0f93-5cc2-4b5f-a64c-365cdd923c24.png?v=1779451009"},{"product_id":"bacteriostatic-water-bac-water","title":"Bacteriostatic Water (BAC Water)","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eBacteriostatic Water | BAC Water | Sterile Peptide Reconstitution Solution | Research Grade\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eComposition:\u003c\/strong\u003e Sterile water for injection + 0.9% benzyl alcohol (9 mg\/mL) \u003cstrong\u003eGrade:\u003c\/strong\u003e Research grade — sterile, pyrogen-free \u003cstrong\u003ePreservative:\u003c\/strong\u003e Benzyl alcohol 0.9% (v\/v) \u003cstrong\u003epH:\u003c\/strong\u003e 4.5–7.0 \u003cstrong\u003eAppearance:\u003c\/strong\u003e Clear, colourless solution \u003cstrong\u003ePackaging:\u003c\/strong\u003e Sealed multi-dose vials \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Room temperature (15–25°C), away from light; refrigerate after opening\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is Bacteriostatic Water?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBacteriostatic water (BAC water) is a preparation of sterile water for injection containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol (9 mg\/mL) as a preservative. The term \"bacteriostatic\" refers to the benzyl alcohol component — a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that inhibits bacterial growth and multiplication within the vial, without necessarily killing bacteria outright. This preservative action allows BAC water to remain safely usable across multiple withdrawals over an extended period — a critical property that distinguishes it from standard sterile water for injection, which is intended for single-use only and carries no microbial protection after the vial seal is first broken.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBAC water is the standard reconstitution vehicle for a wide range of lyophilised research peptides, proteins, and biological compounds — including human growth hormone (HGH), GHRFs, GHRPs, and most synthetic research peptides. It is used wherever a multi-dose reconstitution protocol is required, and where peptide or protein stability across multiple draw-down events must be maintained without microbial contamination risk.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur bacteriostatic water is manufactured to research grade: sterile, pyrogen-free, and packaged in sealed multi-dose vials with halogenated butyl stoppers compatible with standard research syringes and needle gauges.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhy BAC Water Matters for Peptide Research\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe choice of reconstitution vehicle is one of the most practically consequential decisions in peptide research — and one that is frequently underestimated. Using an inappropriate reconstitution solution can compromise peptide stability, alter solubility, affect experimental reproducibility, and — in the case of multi-dose vials — introduce microbial contamination that invalidates results and degrades the compound.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBacteriostatic water addresses these concerns by providing a chemically inert, pH-appropriate, sterile environment with sustained antimicrobial protection across repeated vial access events. For researchers working with lyophilised peptides that require reconstitution before use — including every compound in our research catalogue — BAC water is the most broadly appropriate and widely used reconstitution vehicle in the scientific literature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompatibility with our catalogue:\u003c\/strong\u003e BAC water is the recommended reconstitution vehicle for HGH (somatotropin), tesamorelin, BPC-157, TB-500, MOTS-c, Selank, and the majority of other lyophilised research peptides. GHK-Cu is optimally reconstituted in sterile water or PBS, and 5-Amino-1MQ may require DMSO for certain protocols — but for the majority of peptide reconstitution applications, BAC water is the first-choice solution.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eComposition \u0026amp; Technical Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy 0.9% benzyl alcohol?\u003c\/strong\u003e Benzyl alcohol has been used as an antimicrobial preservative in injectable preparations since the 1920s. At 0.9% concentration, it provides effective bacteriostatic activity against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria — the most likely contaminants in a multi-access vial environment — while remaining chemically compatible with the widest range of peptides, proteins, and hormones used in research. Higher benzyl alcohol concentrations can begin to affect protein folding and stability; 0.9% represents the established standard for balancing preservation efficacy with compound compatibility.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy not sterile water for injection?\u003c\/strong\u003e Standard sterile water for injection (SWFI) contains no preservative and is intended for single-use only. Once the seal is broken and the vial accessed, SWFI provides no protection against bacterial contamination from subsequent needle insertions. For researchers who routinely draw multiple aliquots from a single reconstituted vial over days or weeks — as is standard practice with peptide research compounds — SWFI is inappropriate and significantly increases the risk of microbial contamination that will degrade the compound and compromise experimental results.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy not saline or PBS?\u003c\/strong\u003e Normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) are appropriate for some peptide reconstitution applications but carry important caveats. Saline can reduce the solubility of certain peptides and proteins and provides no preservative action in multi-dose vials. PBS introduces phosphate and salt ions that can interact with some peptides and alter their behaviour in downstream assays. For most lyophilised research peptide applications, BAC water provides a cleaner, more universally compatible, and more practically convenient reconstitution vehicle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eBAC Water and Peptide Stability\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eProper reconstitution practice is as important as purity when it comes to preserving the integrity and research utility of lyophilised peptides. The following principles apply to reconstitution with BAC water across the research peptide catalogue:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTechnique:\u003c\/strong\u003e Always inject BAC water slowly against the side of the vial — never directly onto the lyophilised powder, which can mechanically disrupt peptide structure. Swirl gently until dissolved; do not shake or vortex.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTemperature:\u003c\/strong\u003e Allow the lyophilised vial to reach room temperature before reconstitution. Cold powder reconstituted with room-temperature water can produce localised concentration gradients that slow dissolution.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStorage after reconstitution:\u003c\/strong\u003e Reconstituted peptides in BAC water should be stored at 2–8°C (refrigerated). The benzyl alcohol preservative protects against microbial growth but does not prevent peptide degradation from heat or light exposure. Reconstituted solutions should be used within the timeframes recommended for each specific compound — typically 28 days for HGH and tesamorelin, and up to 30 days for shorter synthetic peptides, though this varies by compound.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFreeze-thaw:\u003c\/strong\u003e Reconstituted peptide solutions in BAC water should not be re-frozen unless the specific compound's data sheet indicates this is acceptable. For long-term storage, lyophilise in advance of reconstitution or aliquot before the first freeze-thaw cycle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eComposition\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWater for injection + 0.9% benzyl alcohol (9 mg\/mL)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGrade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eResearch grade — sterile, pyrogen-free\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePreservative\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eBenzyl alcohol 0.9% (v\/v)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003epH\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e4.5–7.0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eOsmolality\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e~9 mOsm\/kg (hypotonic)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClear, colourless solution\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePackaging\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSealed multi-dose vials with halogenated butyl stopper\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eRoom temperature (15–25°C), away from light; refrigerate after opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAs labelled on vial; discard 28 days after first opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur bacteriostatic water is manufactured to research-grade standards:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSterility Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirmed sterile, free from viable microorganisms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePyrogen \/ Endotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirmed pyrogen-free by LAL (Limulus Amebocyte Lysate) assay\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBenzyl Alcohol Content\u003c\/strong\u003e — verified at 0.9% (9 mg\/mL) by validated assay\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003epH Verification\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirmed within the 4.5–7.0 range\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eParticulate Matter Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirmed free from visible particulates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eEssential Accessory for Every Peptide Researcher\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBAC water is a consumable that every serious research peptide laboratory requires. We recommend maintaining an adequate supply to support your full research protocol — running out mid-study and substituting an alternative reconstitution vehicle can introduce a variable that undermines experimental comparability. Given the investment represented by high-purity research peptides, using a matched, research-grade reconstitution solution is a straightforward way to protect that investment and maintain the integrity of your experimental data.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIf you are purchasing any lyophilised peptide from our catalogue — whether BPC-157, TB-500, GHK-Cu, MOTS-c, Selank, tesamorelin, HGH, retatrutide, or any other compound — we recommend including bacteriostatic water in your order.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for research and laboratory use only. Bacteriostatic water containing benzyl alcohol is not approved for use in neonates or premature infants, in whom benzyl alcohol toxicity has been documented at high doses. This product must not be self-administered or used outside of appropriately supervised research or clinical contexts. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use it solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"10ml","offer_id":59643105149262,"sku":null,"price":7.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_165507_cb36c0a9-b827-4e01-bba7-05b9129f574b.png?v=1779451016"},{"product_id":"bpc-157","title":"BPC-157","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eBPC-157 | Body Protection Compound-157 | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₆₂H₁₀₀N₁₆O₂₂ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1419.53 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 137525-51-0\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/BPC157-2026-nexyra_lab-Peptides-Certificate-of-analysis-2026.pdf?v=1780398927\"\u003e\u003cimg height=\"58\" width=\"58\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/ChatGPT_Image_Jun_2_2026_12_28_15_PM_b6a095fc-de0a-454a-870d-2005dacd857d.png?v=1780407285\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is BPC-157?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a synthetic pentadecapeptide consisting of 15 amino acids. It is derived from a partial sequence of Body Protection Compound, a protein naturally found in human gastric juice. First identified and isolated in the 1990s, BPC-157 has since become one of the most actively studied peptides in preclinical research, attracting significant scientific interest for its pleiotropic biological activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur BPC-157 is produced under strict quality-controlled conditions, achieving a verified purity of greater than 99% as confirmed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). It is supplied in lyophilised (freeze-dried) form to ensure maximum stability and shelf life.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBPC-157 has been the subject of numerous peer-reviewed preclinical studies, the majority conducted in rodent models. Researchers across gastroenterology, orthopaedics, neuroscience, and pharmacology have explored the compound's interaction with multiple biological pathways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eKey areas of active research include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTissue and Wound Healing\u003c\/strong\u003e Preclinical studies have investigated BPC-157's influence on angiogenesis — the formation of new blood vessels — and fibroblast activity. Research published in peer-reviewed journals suggests the compound may interact with the nitric oxide (NO) system, which plays a central role in vascular regulation and tissue repair mechanisms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGastrointestinal Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Given its origin from gastric juice proteins, BPC-157 has drawn considerable attention in GI research. Animal studies have explored its effects on gastric ulcer models, inflammatory bowel conditions, and intestinal anastomosis healing, with researchers observing notable cytoprotective responses in mucosal tissue models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMusculoskeletal \u0026amp; Tendon Models\u003c\/strong\u003e A growing body of preclinical literature has examined BPC-157 in models involving tendon, ligament, bone, and muscle tissue. Researchers have observed upregulation of growth hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblast cell lines — a finding that has generated further mechanistic inquiry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeurological \u0026amp; Dopaminergic Pathways\u003c\/strong\u003e Some preclinical research has investigated BPC-157's interaction with dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, as well as its potential neuroprotective properties in brain lesion and traumatic injury models. These findings remain in early exploratory stages and warrant further rigorous study.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnti-inflammatory Mechanisms\u003c\/strong\u003e BPC-157 has been studied in models of inflammation, with research suggesting modulation of inflammatory cytokine activity. Its interaction with the VEGFR2-Akt-eNOS signalling pathway is one proposed mechanism currently under investigation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\" scope=\"col\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eBPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in water or dilute acetic acid\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e137525-51-0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our BPC-157 undergoes rigorous third-party testing before release. Our quality assurance process includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity and sequence integrity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWe are committed to supplying researchers with the highest-grade peptides available on the market. Consistency, traceability, and transparency are central to our quality standards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBPC-157 lyophilised powder should be reconstituted using sterile bacteriostatic water or dilute acetic acid (0.1%) depending on the experimental protocol. Once reconstituted, the solution should be aliquoted and stored at –20°C to preserve stability and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which can degrade peptide integrity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eResearchers should handle all peptides in accordance with standard laboratory safety practices and applicable institutional guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. BPC-157 is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5","offer_id":59643105280334,"sku":null,"price":17.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10","offer_id":59643105313102,"sku":null,"price":31.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_184747_4f3584b7-b898-4af1-bc24-2d46f05d173f.png?v=1779451020"},{"product_id":"cjc-1295-no-dac","title":"CJC-1295 No DAC","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC | Modified GRF (1-29) | Tetrasubstituted GHRH Analogue | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso Known As:\u003c\/strong\u003e Modified GRF (1-29), Mod GRF 1-29, CJC-1295 without DAC, tetrasubstituted GRF (1-29) \u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tyr-D-Ala-Asp-Ala-Ile-Phe-Thr-Gln-Ser-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala-Arg-Lys-Leu-Leu-Gln-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ser-Arg-NH₂ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₁₅₂H₂₅₂N₄₄O₄₂ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 3367.97 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003eKey Substitutions:\u003c\/strong\u003e D-Ala² | Gln⁸ | Ala¹⁵ | Leu²⁷ (tetrasubstituted) \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 863288-34-0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is CJC-1295 No DAC?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC — formally known as Modified GRF (1-29), and sometimes abbreviated Mod GRF 1-29 — is a synthetic 29-amino acid analogue of endogenous growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), engineered to deliver enhanced metabolic stability and sustained GHRH receptor activity while preserving the physiologically important pulsatile pattern of growth hormone secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTo understand CJC-1295 No DAC, it helps to understand the problem it was designed to solve. Endogenous GHRH is a 44-amino acid hypothalamic peptide that triggers GH release from anterior pituitary somatotrophs. However, the native molecule is rapidly degraded in circulation — primarily by the serum enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which cleaves at the Tyr-Ala bond at the N-terminus — resulting in a biological half-life of just two to seven minutes. This extreme brevity makes native GHRH largely impractical as a sustained research tool.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe first step toward a solution was GRF (1-29), also known as sermorelin — a truncated 29-amino acid fragment of GHRH that retains full receptor binding and biological activity, as the first 29 residues contain the complete pharmacophore for GHRH receptor activation. Modified GRF (1-29) — CJC-1295 No DAC — takes this a step further through four targeted amino acid substitutions at positions 2, 8, 15, and 27 of the GRF (1-29) sequence:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePosition 2:\u003c\/strong\u003e L-alanine → D-alanine — provides primary protection against DPP-4 enzymatic cleavage at the N-terminus\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePosition 8:\u003c\/strong\u003e Asparagine → Glutamine — reduces oxidative instability during manufacture and storage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePosition 15:\u003c\/strong\u003e Glycine → Alanine — enhances structural rigidity and reduces conformational susceptibility to peptidase activity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePosition 27:\u003c\/strong\u003e Methionine → Leucine — eliminates a methionine oxidation site, significantly improving chemical stability\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThese four substitutions collectively elevate the half-life of Modified GRF (1-29) from the two-to-seven minute range of native GHRH to approximately 30 minutes — long enough to produce a meaningful GH secretory pulse while remaining short enough to preserve the physiologically important pulsatile pattern of GH release and maintain hypothalamic-pituitary feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA critical nomenclature note for researchers:\u003c\/strong\u003e The term \"CJC-1295\" in the scientific literature formally refers to CJC-1295 DAC — the albumin-binding, long-acting form of the compound developed by ConjuChem Biotechnologies, which carries an additional Drug Affinity Complex (DAC) modification enabling covalent binding to serum albumin and producing a half-life of approximately six to eight days. \"CJC-1295 No DAC\" or \"CJC-1295 without DAC\" is a widely used commercial synonym for Modified GRF (1-29) — and while this nomenclature is ubiquitous in the research peptide community, it is important for researchers to recognise that these are pharmacologically distinct compounds with substantially different pharmacokinetic profiles and experimental implications.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur CJC-1295 No DAC is synthesised under strict quality-controlled manufacturing conditions and verified to a purity of greater than 99% by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry. It is supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC (Modified GRF 1-29) has been studied as a GHRH-axis research tool in the context of growth hormone secretion, GH\/IGF-1 axis biology, metabolic regulation, body composition, and somatopause research. Its primary scientific value lies in its ability to amplify physiological pulsatile GH secretion — making it a valuable tool for researchers seeking to study the effects of GHRH receptor activation and downstream GH\/IGF-1 signalling under conditions that preserve normal hormonal feedback architecture.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGHRH Receptor Activation \u0026amp; Pulsatile GH Secretion\u003c\/strong\u003e CJC-1295 No DAC binds with high affinity to the GHRH receptor (GHRH-R) — a class B G protein-coupled receptor expressed on somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary. Receptor binding activates the adenylate cyclase–cAMP–PKA intracellular signalling cascade, stimulating both acute GH secretion and GH gene transcription. Because the compound's half-life of approximately 30 minutes is short relative to the natural inter-pulse interval of GH secretion (typically 90–180 minutes), CJC-1295 No DAC produces discrete GH pulses that mimic the physiological secretory pattern rather than creating sustained GH elevation. This pulsatile character is considered experimentally important: the liver and peripheral tissues respond differently to pulsatile versus continuous GH exposure, and several of GH's anabolic and lipolytic effects are specifically dependent on the pulse pattern rather than mean concentration. Researchers studying the distinction between physiological and pharmacological GH signalling will find this a meaningful design consideration in protocol selection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC vs. Tesamorelin: Pharmacokinetic Research Design Considerations\u003c\/strong\u003e Both CJC-1295 No DAC and tesamorelin are stabilised GHRH analogues that act at the GHRH receptor to stimulate pulsatile GH secretion — and they are frequently compared by researchers selecting between them. The key differences are structural and pharmacokinetic. Tesamorelin is a 44-amino acid analogue of full-length GHRH, stabilised by an N-terminal trans-3-hexenoic acid modification and carrying a half-life of approximately 30–40 minutes. CJC-1295 No DAC is a tetrasubstituted 29-amino acid fragment with a half-life of approximately 30 minutes. Both produce physiologically comparable pulsatile GH release patterns and preserve feedback regulation. Tesamorelin carries the more extensive clinical validation dataset — including FDA approval and large Phase III trial data — while CJC-1295 No DAC is more widely used as a general-purpose GHRH-axis research tool given its broader availability and established use in the preclinical literature. Both are available in our catalogue, allowing researchers to select the most appropriate compound for their experimental model. Tesamorelin is generally preferred when clinical translatability or regulatory alignment is a research priority; CJC-1295 No DAC is appropriate for preclinical mechanistic studies of the GHRH-GH-IGF-1 axis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC vs. CJC-1295 DAC: Key Research Design Distinction\u003c\/strong\u003e The choice between CJC-1295 No DAC and CJC-1295 DAC is one of the most consequential protocol decisions in GHRH-axis research, yet it is frequently confused — including, as noted above, in some published scientific literature. CJC-1295 No DAC produces a ~30 minute half-life with discrete pulsatile GH secretion. CJC-1295 DAC — through its albumin-binding Drug Affinity Complex — achieves a half-life of approximately six to eight days, producing sustained GH elevation across a prolonged period and blunting the natural pulse architecture. These are fundamentally different experimental conditions. Researchers studying physiological GH pulsatility, natural feedback dynamics, or acute GHRH receptor pharmacology should use CJC-1295 No DAC. Researchers studying the effects of sustained GH elevation, or requiring a long-acting dosing interval, should use CJC-1295 DAC. Using the wrong compound for the experimental question is a meaningful source of variability and potential error in GH-axis research design.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGH\/IGF-1 Axis \u0026amp; Anabolic Signalling Research\u003c\/strong\u003e As a GHRH receptor agonist, CJC-1295 No DAC elevates GH secretion, which in turn drives hepatic and peripheral IGF-1 production. IGF-1 — acting through the IGF-1 receptor and downstream PI3K–Akt–mTOR and MAPK signalling cascades — mediates the principal anabolic, growth-promoting, and tissue-remodelling effects of the GH\/IGF-1 axis. Preclinical research has examined CJC-1295 No DAC (and related GHRH analogues) in models of skeletal muscle protein synthesis, lean mass accretion, adipose tissue lipolysis, bone mineral density, and collagen synthesis — with IGF-1 elevation identified as the primary mediator of these downstream effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic \u0026amp; Body Composition Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Growth hormone directly stimulates lipolysis in adipose tissue via hormone-sensitive lipase activation, and indirectly promotes lean mass accrual through IGF-1-mediated protein synthesis and nitrogen retention. CJC-1295 No DAC's amplification of pulsatile GH secretion has made it a useful tool in preclinical studies examining these metabolic effects, including models of age-related body composition change and GH deficiency states. The compound's preservation of pulsatile GH dynamics is particularly relevant in this context, as the lipolytic effects of GH are known to be pulse-amplitude-dependent.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSomatopause \u0026amp; Ageing Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The progressive decline in GHRH output and GH pulsatility with age — somatopause — produces a characteristic pattern of metabolic deterioration including increased visceral adiposity, reduced lean mass, and impaired tissue repair capacity. CJC-1295 No DAC, as a tool for restoring GHRH receptor stimulation and augmenting pulsatile GH output, has been studied in preclinical models of somatopause-associated metabolic change. Its mechanism of action — upstream stimulation of pituitary GH secretion rather than exogenous GH replacement — preserves the regulatory architecture of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, making it a pharmacologically distinct tool from direct rhGH administration in ageing research models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCombination Research with GHRPs\u003c\/strong\u003e CJC-1295 No DAC is frequently studied in combination with growth hormone-releasing peptides (GHRPs) — including ipamorelin, GHRP-2, and GHRP-6 — in preclinical research protocols. GHRPs act at the ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a) to amplify GH secretion through a distinct and mechanistically complementary pathway from GHRH receptor activation. The combination of a GHRH analogue (CJC-1295 No DAC) with a GHRP is known to produce synergistic GH release substantially exceeding the effect of either compound alone — a finding consistent with the known synergistic relationship between the GHRH and ghrelin pathways in regulating pituitary GH secretion. This combination approach has become one of the most common experimental paradigms in preclinical GH-axis research and is an important consideration for researchers designing multi-peptide studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC (Modified GRF 1-29)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAlso Known As\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMod GRF 1-29, Modified GRF (1-29), CJC-1295 without DAC\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTyr-D-Ala-Asp-Ala-Ile-Phe-Thr-Gln-Ser-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala-Arg-Lys-Leu-Leu-Gln-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ser-Arg-NH₂\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eKey Substitutions\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eD-Ala² \/ Gln⁸ \/ Ala¹⁵ \/ Leu²⁷\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₁₅₂H₂₅₂N₄₄O₄₂\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e3367.97 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile bacteriostatic water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eApproximate Half-Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e~30 minutes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e863288-34-0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our CJC-1295 No DAC undergoes a rigorous multi-stage quality control process before release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, correct tetrasubstitution pattern, and full 29-residue sequence accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across synthesis, purification, and quality testing. The four amino acid substitutions are analytically critical features of Modified GRF (1-29) — our MS verification process explicitly confirms the correct substitution pattern to distinguish it from native GRF (1-29) or sermorelin, and to ensure research-grade accuracy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC lyophilised powder should be reconstituted using sterile bacteriostatic water. Inject the water slowly against the side of the vial — not directly onto the powder — and swirl gently until fully dissolved. Do not vortex. Once reconstituted, aliquot and store at 2–8°C. Use within 28–30 days of reconstitution. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to preserve peptide integrity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC Within the Research Peptide Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eCJC-1295 No DAC occupies the GHRH secretagogue position within our GH-axis research toolkit. Together with tesamorelin (a 44-residue GHRH analogue with FDA validation) and recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH, the direct GH replacement standard), it provides researchers with three mechanistically distinct points of entry into GH\/IGF-1 axis research: upstream GHRH stimulation with pulsatile GH output (CJC-1295 No DAC and tesamorelin), and direct exogenous GH replacement (rhGH).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWithin the broader catalogue, CJC-1295 No DAC's GH\/IGF-1 axis effects are mechanistically distinct from — and complementary to — the tissue-repair focus of BPC-157 and TB-500, the dermal and genomic biology of GHK-Cu, the mitochondrial metabolic signalling of MOTS-c, the systemic hormonal triple agonism of retatrutide, the intracellular NAD+ axis of 5-Amino-1MQ, and the neuropeptide biology of Selank. Together, these compounds represent a catalogue spanning the most actively researched peptide mechanisms in contemporary preclinical science.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll peptides are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. CJC-1295 No DAC (Modified GRF 1-29) is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":59643105345870,"sku":null,"price":19.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643105378638,"sku":null,"price":33.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_163446_a184d5f4-c05e-4c18-ba23-8e33786e14a6.png?v=1779451021"},{"product_id":"ghk-cu-copper-peptide","title":"GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide)","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eGHK-Cu | Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper Complex | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Gly-His-Lys (copper chelated) \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₁₄H₂₄CuN₆O₄ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 403.92 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 89030-95-5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is GHK-Cu?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eGHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine copper complex) is a naturally occurring copper peptide first identified in human plasma by Dr. Loren Pickart in 1973. It is a tripeptide — composed of just three amino acids: glycine, histidine, and lysine — complexed with a copper(II) ion. Despite its small size, GHK-Cu has demonstrated an extraordinary breadth of biological activity in preclinical research, influencing gene expression, tissue remodelling, antioxidant defence, and wound repair across numerous experimental models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eGHK-Cu is found naturally in human blood plasma, saliva, and urine, with plasma concentrations declining significantly with age — from approximately 200 ng\/mL in young adults to around 80 ng\/mL in those over 60. This age-related decline has made GHK-Cu an especially compelling subject for researchers studying cellular ageing, skin biology, and tissue homeostasis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur GHK-Cu is synthesised under strict quality-controlled manufacturing conditions, achieving a verified purity of greater than 99% as confirmed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). It is supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder to ensure optimal stability during storage and transit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eGHK-Cu has accumulated one of the most extensive bodies of preclinical literature of any research peptide, with over five decades of published science across dermatology, oncology, neuroscience, pulmonology, and wound biology. Its mechanism of action is multifaceted — centred on copper transport, collagen synthesis modulation, and broad-spectrum gene expression regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGene Expression \u0026amp; Genomic Activity\u003c\/strong\u003e Perhaps the most remarkable aspect of GHK-Cu research is its apparent influence at the genomic level. Studies by Pickart and colleagues, using gene expression analysis, identified GHK-Cu as a potent modulator of human gene activity — with research suggesting it can reset the gene expression patterns of aged or damaged tissue closer to a healthier baseline state. In one analysis, GHK-Cu was found to influence the expression of over 4,000 human genes, including those involved in inflammation resolution, DNA repair, antioxidant response, and ubiquitin-proteasome system regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCollagen Synthesis \u0026amp; Skin Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e GHK-Cu is one of the most studied peptides in dermatological research. Preclinical and in vitro studies have consistently demonstrated its ability to stimulate collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in fibroblast cell cultures. Research has also examined its role in upregulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity alongside their inhibitors (TIMPs), suggesting a finely balanced role in extracellular matrix remodelling rather than simple collagen deposition. These findings have generated substantial interest in skin ageing and wound repair research contexts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWound Healing \u0026amp; Tissue Repair\u003c\/strong\u003e GHK-Cu has been studied extensively in wound healing models, with preclinical data pointing to accelerated re-epithelialisation, increased angiogenesis, and improved wound tensile strength in animal models. Research has also examined its influence on keratinocyte proliferation and migration — key processes in the restoration of skin barrier integrity. Its copper-mediated influence on lysyl oxidase activity, an enzyme critical to collagen cross-linking, is one proposed mechanism underlying these observations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAntioxidant \u0026amp; Anti-inflammatory Properties\u003c\/strong\u003e The copper ion component of GHK-Cu plays a meaningful role in its research profile. Copper is an essential cofactor for superoxide dismutase (SOD), a primary antioxidant enzyme, and GHK-Cu has been studied in models examining oxidative stress mitigation. Preclinical research has also observed downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, alongside modulation of NF-κB signalling pathways — positioning GHK-Cu as a subject of interest in inflammatory resolution research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNervous System \u0026amp; Neuroprotection Research\u003c\/strong\u003e An emerging body of literature has explored GHK-Cu in neurological research contexts. Studies have investigated its effects in models of nerve damage and neuroinflammation, with findings suggesting neuroprotective activity and potential influence on nerve growth factor (NGF) expression. Its antioxidant properties are also of interest given the particular vulnerability of neuronal tissue to oxidative damage. This remains a developing area of research that warrants further investigation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePulmonary \u0026amp; Systemic Research\u003c\/strong\u003e GHK-Cu has appeared in research related to pulmonary fibrosis and COPD-associated gene expression signatures. Gene array analyses have shown that GHK-Cu can reverse the gene expression patterns associated with emphysema and certain cancer-related pathways — a finding of significant scientific interest that has prompted further mechanistic inquiry into its role in systemic tissue homeostasis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHair Follicle Research\u003c\/strong\u003e In vitro and animal studies have examined GHK-Cu in models of hair follicle biology. Research has observed stimulation of follicle size and elongation, as well as modulation of hair growth cycle signalling. These findings have contributed to GHK-Cu becoming one of the more frequently studied peptides in dermatological and follicular biology research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper Complex)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGly-His-Lys · Cu²⁺\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eBlue to blue-green powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e89030-95-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our GHK-Cu undergoes a rigorous, multi-step quality control process before release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, copper complexation, and sequence integrity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWe are committed to full batch traceability, providing researchers with the consistency and confidence required for reproducible, high-quality experimental outcomes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eGHK-Cu lyophilised powder is readily soluble in sterile water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Gently swirl to dissolve — do not vortex. The characteristic blue to blue-green colour of the solution is normal and indicative of the copper chelate complex. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately and store at –20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to preserve peptide integrity and copper complexation stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should be conducted in accordance with standard laboratory safety procedures and applicable institutional guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHow GHK-Cu Fits Within a Research Peptide Panel\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eGHK-Cu is frequently studied alongside other tissue-active peptides. Compared to BPC-157, which acts primarily via the nitric oxide and growth hormone receptor pathways, and TB-500, which functions through actin sequestration and VEGF signalling, GHK-Cu operates largely through copper-mediated gene expression modulation and extracellular matrix remodelling. Its broad genomic footprint makes it a uniquely versatile research subject and a logical complement to both BPC-157 and TB-500 in multi-peptide experimental panels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll three peptides are available in our catalogue with consistent \u0026gt;99% purity standards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. GHK-Cu is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"50mg","offer_id":59643105411406,"sku":null,"price":24.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"100mg","offer_id":59643105444174,"sku":null,"price":44.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_181413_881e4e05-a613-45e3-94f0-191d323467b5.png?v=1779451023"},{"product_id":"hcg-human-chorionic-gonadotropin","title":"HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHCG | Human Chorionic Gonadotropin | Recombinant Heterodimeric Glycoprotein | Research Grade\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso Known As:\u003c\/strong\u003e hCG, choriogonadotropin, human chorionic gonadotrophin \u003cstrong\u003eClassification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone — LH\/CG receptor (LHCGR) agonist \u003cstrong\u003eStructure:\u003c\/strong\u003e Two non-covalently linked subunits: α-subunit (92 amino acids, shared with LH, FSH, TSH) + β-subunit (145 amino acids with C-terminal peptide extension, hCG-specific) \u003cstrong\u003eTotal Amino Acids:\u003c\/strong\u003e 237 \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e ~36.7 kDa (including glycosylation) \u003cstrong\u003eGlycosylation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Seven carbohydrate units — four N-linked (asparagine-linked) and three O-linked (serine-linked) oligosaccharide chains \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5,000IU | 10,000IU \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2–8°C (refrigerated); –20°C for long-term storage \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 9002-61-3\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is HCG?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHuman chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone produced naturally by syncytiotrophoblast cells of the human placenta during early pregnancy. It is one of the most structurally characterised glycoprotein hormones in endocrinology — a member of the same protein superfamily as luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), all of which share an identical α-subunit but carry distinct β-subunits that confer receptor specificity and biological identity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe hCG molecule consists of two non-covalently linked subunits. The α-subunit — 92 amino acids in length — is common to all four glycoprotein hormones of the pituitary-gonadal axis. The β-subunit — 145 amino acids — is unique to hCG and confers its selective binding to the LH\/CG receptor (LHCGR). The β-subunit of hCG differs structurally from that of LH in several important ways: it contains a 24-amino acid C-terminal peptide (CTP) extension bearing four O-linked glycosylation sites, it has an overall ~85% sequence identity with LH-β, and it carries five additional glycosylation sites compared to LH — totalling seven carbohydrate units in all. These glycan moieties play a critical role in determining circulatory half-life, receptor binding affinity, and the qualitative nature of downstream intracellular signalling cascades.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe result of this glycan-extended structure is a hormone with a substantially longer half-life than LH — several hours for hCG versus 60–90 minutes for pituitary LH — and a distinct pattern of LHCGR signalling that has been the subject of considerable recent research. Whereas LH is secreted by the pituitary in a pulsatile fashion with short inter-pulse intervals, hCG is produced by the placenta in a sustained, non-pulsatile fashion — and these different exposure dynamics produce qualitatively different receptor-level responses at the same LHCGR, a phenomenon now understood as biased agonism and one of the most active areas of gonadotropin research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe recombinant hCG supplied here is produced via recombinant DNA technology, yielding a molecule structurally identical to endogenous placental hCG. Recombinant production became available from 2000 and has become the preferred research-grade form, offering superior batch-to-batch consistency compared to urinary-extracted preparations. Our hCG is manufactured under strict quality-controlled conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry, and supplied as a lyophilised powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003ehCG has one of the most extensive and historically deep research profiles of any glycoprotein hormone — spanning reproductive endocrinology, gonadal biology, developmental science, steroidogenesis, immunology, oncology, and, increasingly, biased receptor signalling research. It is simultaneously one of the most clinically utilised hormones in medicine and one of the most mechanistically complex subjects in contemporary receptor pharmacology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLHCGR Receptor Binding \u0026amp; Biased Agonism\u003c\/strong\u003e The interaction between hCG and the LH\/CG receptor (LHCGR) is the central focus of modern hCG pharmacology research. LHCGR is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed primarily in gonadal tissue — Leydig cells of the testis and granulosa\/theca cells of the ovary — as well as in the endometrium, myometrium, and several extragonadal tissues. Upon binding, hCG activates the canonical adenylate cyclase–cAMP–PKA intracellular signalling cascade, driving steroidogenesis in gonadal cells. However, a growing body of evidence — including BRET and FRET-based real-time cell signalling studies in HEK293 and Leydig tumour cell lines — has demonstrated that hCG and LH, despite binding the same receptor, elicit quantitatively and qualitatively different intracellular responses. hCG was found to be more potent than LH in activating both cAMP and β-arrestin 2 pathways, and to produce longer-duration cAMP responses. These findings, characterising hCG and LH as biased agonists at LHCGR, represent a fundamental revision of the longstanding assumption that the two hormones are biologically equivalent — and have opened a substantial new avenue of mechanistic receptor pharmacology research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSteroidogenesis \u0026amp; Leydig Cell Research\u003c\/strong\u003e In the male, hCG acts on Leydig cells of the testis via LHCGR to stimulate intracellular cAMP production and downstream steroidogenesis — primarily the conversion of cholesterol to testosterone via the steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein and cytochrome P450 enzymes. This capacity makes hCG the standard reference tool for stimulating testicular steroidogenesis in preclinical research models. hCG is commonly used in in vitro and in vivo models to probe Leydig cell function, assess steroidogenic capacity, and investigate hormonal regulation of testosterone biosynthesis — including in models of hypogonadism, Leydig cell insufficiency, and testicular atrophy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFemale Reproductive Biology \u0026amp; Corpus Luteum Research\u003c\/strong\u003e In the female reproductive axis, hCG acts on granulosa and theca cells of the ovary via LHCGR to trigger ovulation, luteinisation, and corpus luteum formation and maintenance. It promotes progesterone synthesis by the corpus luteum — essential for endometrial preparation and early pregnancy support — and drives the two-cell, two-gonadotropin system of oestrogen synthesis alongside FSH. hCG is a central research tool in reproductive biology studies examining ovarian follicular maturation, ovulation induction, luteal phase support, and corpus luteum steroidogenesis. It is also used as an ovulation trigger in assisted reproduction research models, and its interaction with the endometrium — including its proposed role in facilitating trophoblast invasion and local immunotolerance at implantation — is an active area of investigational interest.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePregnancy \u0026amp; Trophoblast Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e Beyond its role in corpus luteum support, hCG exerts multiple direct effects on the uterus and developing conceptus. It promotes uterine angiogenesis, supports myometrial quiescence during early pregnancy, and has been proposed to facilitate local maternal immune tolerance at the feto-maternal interface — potentially through induction of T cell apoptosis in peritrophoblastic tissue. hCG also acts on fetal Leydig cells during the critical window of male sexual differentiation, stimulating fetal testosterone production and the development of the male reproductive tract. These diverse trophoblast and fetal programming roles make hCG a subject of sustained research interest in developmental biology and placental endocrinology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ehCG as a Diagnostic Research Biomarker\u003c\/strong\u003e The rapid and exponential rise of circulating hCG in early pregnancy — beginning approximately 8–10 days post-fertilisation and doubling every 48–72 hours in the first trimester — has made it the most widely used biochemical marker in pregnancy diagnostics. In research contexts, hCG is used as a calibration standard and positive control in immunoassay development, antibody characterisation studies, and biomarker validation research. Additionally, hCG is produced ectopically by a range of malignant tumours — including gestational trophoblastic disease, germ cell tumours, and some epithelial cancers — making it an important oncological biomarker and a subject of cancer biology research, particularly in studies examining the relationship between gonadotropin signalling and tumour behaviour.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImmunomodulatory \u0026amp; Anti-inflammatory Research\u003c\/strong\u003e An emerging area of hCG research concerns its immunomodulatory properties beyond the reproductive context. Research has identified LHCGR expression on immune cells, and hCG has been studied as a candidate anti-inflammatory agent in models of systemic inflammation including sepsis — where preclinical evidence suggests it may attenuate cytokine storm responses through receptor-mediated modulation of macrophage and T cell activity. The high-affinity LHCGR binding sites found in certain bacteria — including Xanthomonas maltophilia — have further expanded the biological and investigational scope of hCG research into infection biology, though this remains a developing and mechanistically complex field.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExtragonadal LHCGR Expression Research\u003c\/strong\u003e LHCGR expression has been confirmed in multiple extragonadal tissues — including the uterus, placenta, kidney, adrenal gland, thyroid, breast, prostate, and brain — and the functional significance of hCG signalling at these sites is an active area of investigation. Research in breast and prostate cancer cell lines has examined the relationship between hCG\/LHCGR signalling and tumour cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion — yielding complex and context-dependent findings that have sustained investigational interest in gonadotropin signalling in non-reproductive cancers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003ehCG vs. LH: Key Research Distinctions\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eParameter\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003ehCG\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eLH\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eOrigin\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePlacental trophoblast\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAnterior pituitary\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSecretion pattern\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eContinuous, non-pulsatile\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePulsatile (~90 min intervals)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHalf-life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSeveral hours\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e60–90 minutes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eβ-subunit\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e145 aa + CTP extension\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e121 aa (no CTP)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGlycosylation sites\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e7 (4 N-linked, 3 O-linked)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e3 (N-linked only)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eReceptor (primary)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLHCGR\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLHCGR\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ecAMP potency vs LH\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHigher (biased agonist)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eReference\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eβ-arrestin 2 activation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHigher than LH\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eReference\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eResearch availability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHigh (recombinant and urinary)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eModerate\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eUtility in research\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSteroidogenesis, LH receptor probe, biomarker standard\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePulsatile gonadotropin modelling\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThis table reflects the current consensus in gonadotropin receptor pharmacology: hCG and LH are not biologically equivalent at LHCGR, and researchers must account for the different signalling profiles of each when selecting between them for experimental models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHormone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHCG — Recombinant Human Chorionic Gonadotropin\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClassification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHeterodimeric glycoprotein — LHCGR agonist\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStructure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eα-subunit (92 aa) + β-subunit (145 aa, CTP included)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e~36.7 kDa (including glycosylation)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGlycosylation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e7 carbohydrate units (4 N-linked, 3 O-linked)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5,000IU, 10,000IU\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or bacteriostatic water\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e2–8°C (short-term); –20°C (long-term, lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months lyophilised; use reconstituted solution within 28 days (2–8°C)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e9002-61-3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our recombinant hCG undergoes a rigorous multi-stage quality control process before release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, subunit integrity, and glycosylation profile\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms correct molecular weight banding for both α and β subunits under denaturing conditions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiological Activity Assay\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms receptor-level potency against reference standard\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAs a large, glycosylated heterodimeric protein, hCG presents greater analytical complexity than shorter synthetic peptides. Our multi-method QC approach — including glycosylation profiling by MS and biological activity confirmation — is specifically designed to address these challenges and ensure research-grade reliability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eLyophilised hCG powder should be reconstituted by slowly adding sterile bacteriostatic water or sterile water for injection to the side of the vial — not directly onto the powder. Swirl gently until fully dissolved; do not vortex or shake. As a large glycoprotein, hCG is susceptible to denaturation from mechanical agitation and should be handled with appropriate care.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOnce reconstituted, store at 2–8°C and use within 28 days. Aliquot from the lyophilised form prior to reconstitution if long-term storage is required. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The glycan moieties of hCG are critical to its receptor binding affinity and biological activity — storage and handling conditions that compromise glycan integrity will reduce experimental reliability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHCG Within the Research Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHCG occupies a distinct and complementary position within our endocrine research catalogue as the primary tool for LH receptor biology, gonadal steroidogenesis research, and reproductive axis modelling. It is mechanistically distinct from all other compounds in the catalogue — operating as a gonadotropin at LHCGR rather than at the GH, GHRH, or ghrelin receptor systems targeted by HGH, tesamorelin, CJC-1295 No DAC, and ipamorelin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFor researchers building a comprehensive endocrine research toolkit, hCG complements the GH-axis compounds by providing coverage of the gonadal axis — enabling parallel investigation of the two primary anabolic endocrine systems in human physiology. Its role as a diagnostic biomarker standard and its extragonadal research applications further extend its utility across a broader range of experimental disciplines than any other single compound in the catalogue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll compounds in our catalogue are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. Human chorionic gonadotropin is a prescription-only medicine in most jurisdictions and is not approved for non-prescription human use. It is not a supplement or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals outside of appropriately authorised and supervised clinical or veterinary contexts. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5000iu","offer_id":59643105476942,"sku":null,"price":48.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10000iu","offer_id":59643105509710,"sku":null,"price":89.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_160800_e2a984d7-c472-4796-8d85-1a028b2a66fe.png?v=1779451028"},{"product_id":"ipamorelin","title":"Ipamorelin","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eIpamorelin | Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH₂ | Selective GHS-R1a Agonist | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH₂ \u003cstrong\u003eClassification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Synthetic pentapeptide — selective growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHS-R1a) agonist \/ GHRP \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₃₈H₄₉N₉O₅ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 711.85 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003eKey Structural Features:\u003c\/strong\u003e α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) at position 1; D-2-naphthylalanine (D-2-Nal) at position 3; D-phenylalanine (D-Phe) at position 4 \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 170851-70-4\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is Ipamorelin?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIpamorelin is a synthetic pentapeptide growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP) and selective agonist of the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a), originally developed by Novo Nordisk in Denmark and first characterised in a landmark 1998 paper in the European Journal of Endocrinology by Raun and colleagues. It was derived from GHRP-1 through a systematic chemistry programme that identified active analogues lacking the central Ala-Trp dipeptide of the parent compound, ultimately yielding ipamorelin as the most pharmacologically refined member of its series.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIpamorelin's significance in the research peptide landscape rests on a single, defining characteristic: it is the first growth hormone-releasing peptide receptor agonist to demonstrate a selectivity for GH release comparable to that of endogenous GHRH itself. All earlier GHRPs — including GHRP-2 and GHRP-6 — stimulated GH release but also produced dose-dependent elevations in ACTH and cortisol through activation of broader stress-response signalling pathways. Ipamorelin does not. In the foundational Novo Nordisk pharmacology studies, ipamorelin failed to elevate ACTH or cortisol at doses more than 200-fold above its ED50 for GH release — a specificity profile that had not previously been achieved with any GHRP receptor agonist and that fundamentally changed the landscape of GH secretagogue research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eStructurally, ipamorelin incorporates three key non-natural amino acid features that underpin its selectivity and metabolic stability. The α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) residue at position 1 confers resistance to N-terminal peptidase cleavage. The D-2-naphthylalanine (D-2-Nal) at position 3 — a bulky, non-natural amino acid — provides critical receptor binding contributions and contributes to selectivity. The D-phenylalanine (D-Phe) at position 4 further stabilises the receptor-bound conformation. Together, these modifications produce a compound with substantially lower systemic plasma clearance than GHRP-6 — approximately five-fold lower — and moderate resistance to metabolic degradation, resulting in a more sustained and reproducible GH secretory response.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIpamorelin stimulates pulsatile GH secretion from anterior pituitary somatotrophs by acting at the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) — a distinct and mechanistically complementary pathway to the GHRH receptor pathway through which CJC-1295 No DAC and tesamorelin operate. This mechanistic distinction is the basis of the well-established synergistic relationship between ipamorelin and GHRH analogues in GH secretion research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur ipamorelin is synthesised under rigorous quality-controlled manufacturing conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry, and supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIpamorelin has accumulated a rich and diverse body of preclinical research since its characterisation in 1998, spanning GH secretagogue pharmacology, metabolic biology, bone mineral density, gastrointestinal motility, and body composition research. Its defining selectivity profile has made it the reference compound of choice for ghrelin receptor agonism research where hormonal specificity is a priority experimental requirement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGHS-R1a Receptor Pharmacology \u0026amp; Selectivity\u003c\/strong\u003e Ipamorelin's receptor pharmacology was comprehensively characterised in the original Novo Nordisk studies. In vitro, ipamorelin released GH from primary rat pituitary cells with a potency and efficacy closely comparable to GHRP-6 — achieving an EC50 of 1.3 ± 0.4 nmol\/L and an Emax of 85 ± 5% relative to GHRP-6's 100% reference maximum. In vivo, in conscious swine — a model with GH axis pharmacology closely reflective of human GH secretion — ipamorelin produced an ED50 of 2.3 ± 0.03 nmol\/kg and an Emax of 65 ± 0.2 ng GH\/mL plasma, comparable to GHRP-6 (ED50 3.9 ± 1.4 nmol\/kg, Emax 74 ± 7 ng\/mL) but with substantially superior selectivity. Critically, pharmacological profiling using both GHRP receptor antagonists and GHRH antagonists confirmed that ipamorelin stimulates GH release exclusively via the GHRP\/ghrelin receptor pathway — the same receptor used by GHRP-2 and GHRP-6 — rather than through the GHRH receptor. This orthogonal mechanism is the mechanistic basis of the synergistic GH release observed when ipamorelin is combined with GHRH analogues such as CJC-1295 No DAC.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHormonal Selectivity: No ACTH, Cortisol, Prolactin or Gonadotropin Elevation\u003c\/strong\u003e The most scientifically significant finding in the ipamorelin pharmacology literature is its hormonal selectivity profile. In the definitive swine selectivity study, none of the GH secretagogues tested — including ipamorelin, GHRP-6, and GHRP-2 — affected FSH, LH, prolactin, or TSH levels. However, administration of both GHRP-6 and GHRP-2 produced significant elevations in plasma ACTH and cortisol. Ipamorelin produced no significant elevation in ACTH or cortisol at any dose tested — including doses exceeding 200-fold the GH-releasing ED50. This was described by the original authors as \"very surprising\" and represented a categorically different selectivity profile from all previously characterised GHRP receptor agonists. The practical research implication is substantial: studies using ipamorelin to investigate GH\/IGF-1 axis effects are not confounded by concurrent activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis — a major experimental advantage over GHRP-2 and GHRP-6 in any protocol where cortisol or ACTH are outcome variables, or where HPA axis activation would represent an uncontrolled experimental variable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePulsatile GH Secretion \u0026amp; IGF-1 Axis Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Like CJC-1295 No DAC, ipamorelin stimulates pulsatile rather than continuous GH secretion. Its half-life of approximately two hours in rodent models — longer than GHRP-6 due to its approximately five-fold lower systemic plasma clearance — produces GH pulses of meaningful duration while preserving the inter-pulse intervals that allow natural somatostatin feedback to operate. Elevated GH secretion drives downstream IGF-1 production, mediated primarily through hepatic GH receptor signalling, and the GH\/IGF-1 axis effects of ipamorelin — including anabolic signalling in skeletal muscle, lipolytic activity in adipose tissue, and effects on bone metabolism — have been studied in multiple preclinical models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBone Mineral Density Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Ipamorelin has been studied in models of bone metabolism, with preclinical data demonstrating increases in bone mineral content (BMC) in treated female rats as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in vivo. Comparative studies examining ipamorelin and GHRP-6 both demonstrated BMC increases, consistent with the known role of the GH\/IGF-1 axis in bone formation, periosteal expansion, and endochondral ossification. These findings have positioned ipamorelin as a tool of interest in preclinical osteoporosis research and models of GH deficiency-associated bone loss.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGastrointestinal Motility Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The GHS-R1a receptor is expressed not only in the pituitary and hypothalamus but throughout the gastrointestinal tract — reflecting the physiological role of ghrelin as a gut-derived hormone regulating gastric motility and appetite. Ipamorelin has been studied in preclinical models of gastrointestinal dysfunction, including postoperative ileus (POI) — a clinically important condition characterised by delayed gastric emptying following abdominal surgery. Studies by Greenwood-Van Meerveld and colleagues using rodent POI models demonstrated that ipamorelin produced dose-dependent improvements in gastric emptying and reversal of POI-induced delayed gastrointestinal transit, with effects mediated through GHS-R1a expressed in gastrointestinal smooth muscle and enteric nervous system tissue. These findings have expanded ipamorelin's research relevance into gastrointestinal biology beyond its primary GH secretagogue profile.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBody Composition \u0026amp; Metabolic Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The downstream metabolic effects of ipamorelin-stimulated GH\/IGF-1 axis activation — including GH-mediated lipolysis in adipose tissue, IGF-1-mediated skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and nitrogen retention — have made ipamorelin a useful tool in preclinical body composition research. Studies have examined ipamorelin in models of lean mass accretion, visceral fat reduction, and metabolic syndrome, with findings consistent with the broader GH\/IGF-1 axis literature. Its hormonal selectivity — specifically the absence of cortisol elevation — is a meaningful research advantage in these models, as elevated cortisol has well-documented catabolic effects on muscle tissue that would otherwise confound body composition outcomes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCombination Research: Ipamorelin + CJC-1295 No DAC (GHRH + GHRP Synergy)\u003c\/strong\u003e One of the most important and widely replicated findings in GH secretagogue research is the synergistic relationship between GHRH-axis peptides and GHRP-class peptides in stimulating GH release. When a GHRH analogue (such as CJC-1295 No DAC) and a GHRP (such as ipamorelin) are administered together, the combined GH release substantially exceeds the sum of the individual responses — a finding consistent with the well-established physiological synergism between the hypothalamic GHRH and ghrelin systems. This occurs because the two compounds act through distinct and mechanistically independent receptors (GHRH-R and GHS-R1a respectively), and their downstream signalling cascades converge synergistically at the level of pituitary somatotroph GH secretion. This combination paradigm — CJC-1295 No DAC paired with ipamorelin — has become one of the most commonly used experimental protocols in preclinical GH-axis research, and both compounds are available in our catalogue to support this research design.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eIpamorelin vs. GHRP-2 and GHRP-6: Selectivity Comparison\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eParameter\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eIpamorelin\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eGHRP-6\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eGHRP-2\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGH release potency (swine)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eED50 ~2.3 nmol\/kg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eED50 ~3.9 nmol\/kg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eED50 ~0.6 nmol\/kg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGH release efficacy (swine)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eEmax ~65 ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eEmax ~74 ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eEmax ~56 ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eACTH\/cortisol elevation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNone (even at 200× ED50)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSignificant\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSignificant\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eProlactin\/gonadotropin effects\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePlasma clearance vs GHRP-6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e~5× lower\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eReference\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLower than GHRP-6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppetite \/ gastric effects\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMild (GHS-R1a mediated)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSignificant\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eModerate\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThis table illustrates why ipamorelin has become the preferred GHRP for researchers where hormonal specificity and clean pharmacology are experimental priorities — delivering comparable GH release potency to GHRP-6 while eliminating the ACTH and cortisol confounders that complicate interpretation of results with the older compounds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eIpamorelin\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH₂\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClassification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSelective GHS-R1a agonist \/ GHRP\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₃₈H₄₉N₉O₅\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e711.85 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile bacteriostatic water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e170851-70-4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our ipamorelin undergoes a comprehensive multi-stage quality control process before release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, non-natural amino acid incorporation (Aib, D-2-Nal, D-Phe), and full pentapeptide sequence accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe three non-natural amino acids in ipamorelin — Aib, D-2-Nal, and D-Phe — are analytically critical features that distinguish it from related GHRPs. Our MS verification process explicitly confirms their incorporation to ensure the correct compound is delivered with research-grade accuracy and batch-to-batch consistency.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIpamorelin lyophilised powder should be reconstituted using sterile bacteriostatic water. Inject slowly against the side of the vial and swirl gently — do not vortex. Once reconstituted, aliquot and store at 2–8°C. Use within 28–30 days of reconstitution. The compound exhibits moderate resistance to metabolic degradation in solution, but repeated freeze-thaw cycles should nonetheless be avoided to maintain research-grade integrity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eIpamorelin Within the Research Peptide Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eIpamorelin occupies the ghrelin receptor agonist \/ GHRP position within our GH-axis research toolkit — mechanistically complementary to, and synergistic with, the GHRH-axis compounds CJC-1295 No DAC and tesamorelin, and distinct from the direct GH replacement approach of rhGH.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWithin the broader catalogue, ipamorelin's GHS-R1a-mediated GH\/IGF-1 axis activity is mechanistically distinct from the tissue-repair focus of BPC-157 and TB-500, the genomic and matrix biology of GHK-Cu, the mitochondrial metabolic signalling of MOTS-c, the systemic triple hormonal agonism of retatrutide, the intracellular NAD+ axis of 5-Amino-1MQ, and the neuropeptide biology of Selank. Our full GH axis research toolkit now comprises three distinct mechanistic entry points: ghrelin receptor agonism (ipamorelin), GHRH receptor agonism (CJC-1295 No DAC, tesamorelin), and direct GH replacement (rhGH) — providing researchers with the tools to study GH biology from upstream secretagogue stimulation through to receptor-level replacement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll peptides are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. Ipamorelin is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":59643105542478,"sku":null,"price":15.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643105575246,"sku":null,"price":29.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_161949_79447409-1a83-4bd4-8386-ce029588bbff.png?v=1779451031"},{"product_id":"kpv","title":"KPV","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eKPV | Lys-Pro-Val | α-MSH C-Terminal Tripeptide | Anti-Inflammatory Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lys-Pro-Val (KPV) \u003cstrong\u003eClassification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Naturally occurring anti-inflammatory tripeptide — C-terminal fragment of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) \u003cstrong\u003eParent Molecule:\u003c\/strong\u003e α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (α-MSH; positions 11–13) \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₁₄H₂₇N₃O₄ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 301.38 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 63547-13-7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is KPV?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eKPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory tripeptide corresponding to positions 11–13 of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) — a 13-amino acid neuropeptide derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) with well-established roles in pigmentation, energy balance, and immune regulation. KPV represents the minimal bioactive anti-inflammatory sequence of α-MSH: the C-terminal tripeptide that retains the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity of the parent molecule while shedding its broader hormonal effects — including melanocortin-mediated pigmentation signalling and adrenal axis activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe discovery of KPV's anti-inflammatory properties emerged from systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of α-MSH conducted in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Researchers seeking to identify the minimal active sequence responsible for α-MSH's immunomodulatory activity progressively truncated the parent molecule and assessed the retained potency of each fragment. The finding that the C-terminal tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val retained potent anti-inflammatory activity — comparable to or approaching that of the full α-MSH tridecapeptide in some experimental models — was a landmark result in the melanocortin research field. It established that a three-amino-acid sequence could recapitulate the core anti-inflammatory function of a thirteen-amino-acid parent hormone, and opened a new avenue of research into ultra-small bioactive peptides as tools for studying inflammatory signalling pathways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eDespite its minimal size, KPV is an unusually stable research compound. Its tripeptide structure confers inherent resistance to proteolytic degradation compared to larger peptides, and its molecular weight of just 301.38 g\/mol gives it pharmacokinetic and membrane-permeability properties distinct from most research peptides — including the ability to penetrate cellular membranes and act on intracellular inflammatory signalling targets directly. Crucially, research has also identified a specific active transporter mechanism for KPV in intestinal tissue: the PepT1 di\/tripeptide transporter — normally expressed in the small intestine and markedly upregulated in inflamed colonic tissue during inflammatory bowel disease — actively transports KPV into intestinal epithelial and immune cells, providing a disease-directed tissue uptake mechanism of considerable research interest in gastrointestinal inflammatory biology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur KPV is synthesised under rigorous quality-controlled manufacturing conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry, and supplied as a lyophilised powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eKPV has been investigated in over fifty peer-reviewed publications spanning more than two decades, with research covering gastrointestinal inflammatory biology, dermatological science, wound healing, mucosal barrier research, and systemic anti-inflammatory pharmacology. Its combination of minimal molecular size, endogenous origin, metabolic stability, and mechanistically distinct intracellular anti-inflammatory activity makes it one of the most tractable and pharmacologically interesting ultra-small peptides in the research landscape.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMechanism of Action: MC1R\/MC3R Agonism, NF-κB \u0026amp; MAPK Inhibition\u003c\/strong\u003e KPV's anti-inflammatory mechanism operates through two distinct but complementary pathways. The first is melanocortin receptor engagement — primarily at MC1R and MC3R, which are expressed on immune cells, intestinal epithelial cells, dermal fibroblasts, and multiple other tissue types involved in inflammatory responses. Activation of these receptors suppresses downstream pro-inflammatory signalling cascades, most notably NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) — the master transcription factor controlling expression of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 — and the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, which regulates cellular stress responses and inflammatory gene expression.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHowever, a critical distinction in KPV's mechanism was established by Getting and colleagues in a landmark study examining KPV alongside other melanocortin peptides in a model of crystal-induced peritonitis. While KPV produced significant reduction in polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation in the peritoneal cavity — demonstrating meaningful anti-inflammatory activity in vivo — its anti-inflammatory effect was not blocked by the MC3\/4-R antagonist SHU9119, and KPV failed to stimulate cAMP accumulation in macrophages (in contrast to the MC3\/4-R agonist MTII). These findings indicate that KPV's anti-inflammatory activity is not fully explained by classical melanocortin receptor–cAMP signalling, and that additional — possibly receptor-independent or intracellular — mechanisms are operative. This partial mechanistic independence from canonical melanocortin receptor signalling is a defining pharmacological feature of KPV that distinguishes it from full-length α-MSH and has sustained mechanistic investigation into its precise intracellular targets.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePepT1-Mediated Intestinal Uptake \u0026amp; Gastrointestinal Research\u003c\/strong\u003e One of the most significant mechanistic findings in KPV research was published in Gastroenterology: the demonstration that KPV's anti-inflammatory effects in intestinal tissue are mediated, at least in part, through active cellular uptake via the PepT1 di\/tripeptide transporter. PepT1 is normally expressed in the small intestine, where it facilitates absorption of dietary di- and tripeptides. Critically, PepT1 expression is markedly upregulated in inflamed colonic tissue during inflammatory bowel disease — a pattern that creates a disease-specific transport mechanism for KPV in the very tissue where it is most needed as a research tool.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eStudies in human intestinal epithelial cell lines (Caco2-BBE and HT29-Cl.19A) and human T cells (Jurkat) demonstrated that KPV — administered at both low (10 nmol\/L) and high doses (100 μmol\/L) — inhibited IL-1β-induced IκB-α degradation in intestinal epithelial cells, suppressing NF-κB activation independently of melanocortin receptor activity. Importantly, α-MSH at the same doses did not significantly alter the kinetics of this response — confirming that the PepT1-mediated intracellular anti-inflammatory effect of KPV in intestinal epithelial cells is a property specific to the tripeptide fragment, and that KPV's mechanism in this tissue is MC receptor-independent. In vivo, KPV administration in murine models of colitis (DSS-induced and TNBS-induced) produced significant reductions in colonic inflammation markers — results that have established KPV as a valuable and widely used research tool in preclinical IBD models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInflammatory Bowel Disease \u0026amp; Mucosal Barrier Research\u003c\/strong\u003e KPV's combination of MC1R\/MC3R agonism, NF-κB suppression, MAPK pathway modulation, and PepT1-mediated intestinal uptake has made it one of the most actively studied anti-inflammatory peptides in the IBD and mucosal biology research space. Preclinical studies in rodent colitis models have consistently demonstrated that KPV administration attenuates colonic inflammation, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), preserves mucosal barrier integrity, and improves histological scores of intestinal inflammation. The PepT1 upregulation in inflamed colon provides a natural disease-directed concentration mechanism that enhances KPV's research relevance specifically in models where intestinal inflammation is present — making it an unusually tissue-targeted research tool for gastrointestinal inflammatory biology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWound Healing \u0026amp; Tissue Repair Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Beyond its gastrointestinal applications, KPV has been studied in models of wound healing and dermal tissue repair. Research has documented KPV's influence on keratinocyte migration and proliferation, fibroblast activity, and the regulation of inflammatory mediators in the wound microenvironment — effects consistent with α-MSH's established role in cutaneous inflammation and repair signalling via MC1R, which is prominently expressed in skin. Studies in wound healing models have demonstrated KPV-associated improvements in re-epithelialisation and wound closure rates, alongside attenuation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine environment that delays healing in chronic wound models. These findings position KPV as a complementary tool to GHK-Cu and BPC-157 in dermal and wound biology research — each operating through distinct but potentially synergistic mechanisms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDermatological Inflammation Research\u003c\/strong\u003e MC1R is highly expressed in human and murine skin, and the melanocortin system plays a significant regulatory role in cutaneous inflammatory responses — including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and contact hypersensitivity. KPV has been studied in models of skin inflammation, with research demonstrating suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production by keratinocytes and dermal immune cells, and attenuation of inflammatory cell infiltration in skin inflammatory models. Its favourable stability profile and membrane permeability make it a practical research tool for studying MC1R-mediated anti-inflammatory pathways in dermal tissue without the confounding pigmentation-stimulating activity of full-length α-MSH.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSystemic Anti-Inflammatory Activity \u0026amp; Cytokine Modulation\u003c\/strong\u003e Across multiple experimental models, KPV has demonstrated broad-spectrum suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production — including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 — in both immune cells and tissue-specific cell types. Research examining the (CKPV)₂ dimer — constructed by linking two KPV units via a Cys-Cys linker — demonstrated inhibition of TNF-α production by LPS-stimulated human leukocytes with potency similar to the stable α-MSH analogue NDP-α-MSH and greater effectiveness than monomeric KPV. This avidity-driven enhancement points toward a direction for medicinal chemistry research aimed at developing more potent KPV-based anti-inflammatory tools, and highlights KPV's value as a lead scaffold in anti-inflammatory peptide drug discovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKPV as an Endogenous Mediator\u003c\/strong\u003e Research has identified proteases capable of generating KPV from α-MSH in biological systems, and KPV-immunoreactive material has been detected in biological samples — supporting the hypothesis that KPV functions not merely as a synthetic research tool but as an endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator generated in situ from circulating α-MSH at sites of inflammation. If confirmed, this would position KPV research within a broader framework of understanding how the melanocortin system generates locally active anti-inflammatory fragments as part of the endogenous resolution of inflammatory responses — a basic science investigational axis of considerable interest.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eKPV in Context: Comparison with Other Anti-Inflammatory Peptides in the Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eKPV occupies a unique niche within the anti-inflammatory research landscape — operating via the melanocortin receptor system and intracellular NF-κB\/MAPK suppression, distinct from the mechanisms of the other tissue-active peptides in our catalogue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003ePrimary Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eKey Research Application\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eKPV\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMC1R\/MC3R agonism, NF-κB\/MAPK suppression, PepT1-mediated uptake\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGI inflammation, IBD, skin, wound healing\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eBPC-157\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNitric oxide system, GH receptor pathway\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGI mucosal repair, tendon\/ligament, systemic\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTB-500\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eActin sequestration, VEGF-mediated angiogenesis\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTissue repair, musculoskeletal, systemic\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGHK-Cu\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGene expression modulation, MMP\/TIMP balance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eDermal, matrix remodelling, wound healing\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSelank\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGABA-A modulation, cytokine regulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNeuroinflammation, immune modulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThis mechanistic diversity makes these compounds genuinely complementary tools for multi-pathway inflammation research rather than overlapping alternatives — and positions the catalogue as a comprehensive research toolkit for studying inflammatory biology from multiple angles simultaneously.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eKPV (Lys-Pro-Val)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClassification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAnti-inflammatory tripeptide — α-MSH C-terminal fragment (positions 11–13)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLys-Pro-Val\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₁₄H₂₇N₃O₄\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e301.38 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMembrane Permeability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHigh — direct intracellular access documented\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e63547-13-7\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our KPV undergoes a comprehensive quality control process before release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity and correct Lys-Pro-Val tripeptide sequence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across synthesis, purification, and quality testing. As the smallest peptide in our research catalogue at just three amino acids, KPV's analytical simplicity makes sequence confirmation by MS particularly precise — providing a high level of confidence in compound identity at every batch release.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eKPV lyophilised powder is readily soluble in sterile bacteriostatic water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Gently swirl to dissolve. Once reconstituted, aliquot and store at –20°C or 2–8°C for short-term use. KPV's exceptional metabolic stability relative to larger peptides means reconstituted solutions maintain integrity well under appropriate storage conditions — however, repeated freeze-thaw cycles should still be avoided as standard practice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eGiven KPV's high membrane permeability and documented PepT1-mediated intestinal uptake, researchers designing cell-based assays should account for its capacity to access intracellular compartments directly — a property that distinguishes it from receptor-surface-acting peptides and that may require adapted experimental protocols for accurate mechanistic interpretation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. KPV is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643105608014,"sku":null,"price":29.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_154614_09caf81a-f8c5-4b1b-9397-b7871d2498d4.png?v=1779451033"},{"product_id":"mots-c-1","title":"Mots-c","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eMOTS-c | Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tyr-Gln-Ala-Val-Thr-Pro-Gly-Gly-Leu-Leu-Leu-Gly-Ala-Pro-Pro-Ile-Pro-Tyr-Arg-Ile-Pro-Ile-Pro-Gly-Ser-Ser-Val-Tyr \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₁₂₁H₂₀₀N₃₄O₃₂ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2174.5 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1627580-64-6\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is MOTS-c?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eMOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded not by the nuclear genome, but by the mitochondrial genome — specifically within the 12S ribosomal RNA gene. It was first identified and characterised by researchers at the University of Southern California in 2015, making it one of the most recently discovered members of a new class of signalling molecules known as mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe discovery of MOTS-c fundamentally expanded scientific understanding of mitochondrial biology. Previously regarded primarily as the cell's energy-producing organelles, mitochondria are now understood to function as active endocrine-like signalling centres — capable of producing bioactive peptides that communicate with the nucleus, peripheral tissues, and systemic metabolic systems. MOTS-c is the most extensively studied of these mitochondrial peptides and has rapidly become a subject of considerable scientific interest.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eLike GHK-Cu, circulating MOTS-c levels in humans appear to decline with age, and this pattern has made it a compelling target for researchers studying metabolic ageing, insulin sensitivity, and cellular stress response. Circulating MOTS-c has also been shown to vary with exercise intensity in human subjects — a finding that has accelerated research interest across exercise science and metabolic biology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur MOTS-c is synthesised under rigorous quality-controlled manufacturing conditions, achieving a verified purity of greater than 99% as confirmed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). It is supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder to ensure maximum stability throughout storage and shipping.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSince its discovery in 2015, MOTS-c has been the subject of an expanding body of peer-reviewed preclinical literature. Research spans metabolic science, exercise physiology, ageing biology, immunology, and cardiovascular science. Its unique mitochondrial origin and its apparent role as a systemic metabolic regulator distinguish it from all other peptides in this catalogue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMitochondrial Origin \u0026amp; Retrograde Signalling\u003c\/strong\u003e MOTS-c is translated within the mitochondria from a short open reading frame embedded in the 12S rRNA gene — a region long considered non-coding. Upon synthesis, MOTS-c is exported into the cytoplasm and, under conditions of cellular stress, translocates to the nucleus where it modulates gene expression. This mitochondria-to-nucleus retrograde signalling pathway is a defining feature of MOTS-c biology and a key reason it has attracted substantial mechanistic research interest. It represents a fundamentally new axis of intracellular communication.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInsulin Sensitivity \u0026amp; Glucose Metabolism\u003c\/strong\u003e The most extensively studied aspect of MOTS-c activity involves glucose metabolism and insulin signalling. Preclinical research in rodent models has demonstrated that MOTS-c administration improves insulin sensitivity and reduces fasting blood glucose in diet-induced obesity models. Studies have identified AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) activation as a central mechanism — MOTS-c appears to promote AMPK phosphorylation, thereby enhancing glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle. This positions MOTS-c among the most mechanistically interesting peptides in metabolic research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExercise Mimicry \u0026amp; Skeletal Muscle Research\u003c\/strong\u003e One of the most striking findings in MOTS-c research is its apparent relationship with physical exercise. Studies have shown that circulating MOTS-c levels rise in response to aerobic exercise in both animal models and human subjects. Furthermore, exogenous MOTS-c administration in sedentary rodent models has produced metabolic adaptations partially overlapping with those induced by exercise — including increased mitochondrial biogenesis markers, improved fat oxidation, and enhanced skeletal muscle glucose utilisation. This has led researchers to describe MOTS-c as a candidate \"exercise mimetic\" peptide, making it a subject of significant interest in metabolic and sports science research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge-Related Decline \u0026amp; Longevity Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Circulating MOTS-c concentrations decline measurably with age in both animal and human studies, and this age-associated reduction correlates with metabolic deterioration. Conversely, centenarian populations have been observed to maintain relatively higher MOTS-c plasma levels compared to age-matched controls — a finding that has generated substantial interest in longevity research. Preclinical studies in aged mouse models have demonstrated that MOTS-c supplementation can partially restore metabolic function and physical performance, reinforcing its candidacy as a target in ageing biology research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInflammatory Response \u0026amp; Immune Modulation\u003c\/strong\u003e More recent research has begun to examine MOTS-c's role in immune and inflammatory regulation. Preclinical studies have observed that MOTS-c modulates macrophage activity and attenuates inflammatory cytokine expression — including IL-6 and TNF-α — in models of systemic inflammation. Its role in regulating the innate immune response to metabolic stress is an active and rapidly evolving area of investigation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Emerging preclinical evidence suggests MOTS-c may exert cardioprotective effects. Studies in cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion models have observed reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improved mitochondrial function following MOTS-c treatment. Researchers have also noted associations between MOTS-c levels and cardiovascular risk markers in human observational studies, though the mechanistic basis of these associations continues to be investigated.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBone \u0026amp; Musculoskeletal Research\u003c\/strong\u003e A growing body of literature has examined MOTS-c in the context of bone metabolism. Preclinical studies in ovariectomised rodent models — a standard model for postmenopausal bone loss — have observed that MOTS-c administration attenuates bone density reduction and modulates osteoblast-osteoclast balance. This has expanded MOTS-c research interest into osteoporosis biology and skeletal homeostasis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTyr-Gln-Ala-Val-Thr-Pro-Gly-Gly-Leu-Leu-Leu-Gly-Ala-Pro-Pro-Ile-Pro-Tyr-Arg-Ile-Pro-Ile-Pro-Gly-Ser-Ser-Val-Tyr\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e1627580-64-6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our MOTS-c is subject to a comprehensive, multi-stage quality control process prior to release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, sequence integrity, and molecular weight\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWe maintain complete batch traceability across synthesis, purification, and testing — providing the consistency researchers require for reproducible experimental results.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eMOTS-c lyophilised powder should be reconstituted using sterile bacteriostatic water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Gently swirl the vial to dissolve — avoid vortexing, which can disrupt peptide structure. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately into single-use volumes and store at –20°C. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be strictly avoided to preserve peptide integrity and biological activity in experimental settings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should be conducted in compliance with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory requirements.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eMOTS-c Within a Research Peptide Panel\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eMOTS-c occupies a distinct and complementary position within a research peptide panel. While BPC-157 and TB-500 are primarily studied for their roles in tissue repair and wound healing, and GHK-Cu for its influence on gene expression and extracellular matrix remodelling, MOTS-c targets a fundamentally different biological axis — mitochondrial function, systemic metabolism, and cellular energy regulation. Together, these four peptides represent a broad and mechanistically diverse research toolkit, covering tissue repair, inflammation, genomic modulation, and metabolic biology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll peptides in our catalogue are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and are supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. MOTS-c is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643105640782,"sku":null,"price":28.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"40mg","offer_id":59643105673550,"sku":null,"price":58.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_175906_cbc1a400-ce1f-486a-a179-a8b2ffa69983.png?v=1779451035"},{"product_id":"nad","title":"NAD+","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eNAD+ | Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Oxidised Form) | Research Grade Coenzyme\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso Known As:\u003c\/strong\u003e NAD+, NAD, β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide \u003cstrong\u003eClassification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Dinucleotide coenzyme — essential redox carrier and enzyme cofactor \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 663.43 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 500mg | 1000mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture; desiccated \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 53-84-9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is NAD+?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a dinucleotide coenzyme found in every living cell, composed of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups — one containing adenine and one containing nicotinamide. It exists in two interconvertible forms: the oxidised form (NAD+) and the reduced form (NADH), and it is the continuous cycling between these two redox states that underlies its fundamental role in cellular energy metabolism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNAD+ is not, strictly speaking, a peptide — it is a small-molecule coenzyme. However, it is one of the most actively researched compounds in the longevity, metabolic biology, and cellular energy science space, and is increasingly catalogued and studied alongside research peptides such as MOTS-c and 5-Amino-1MQ given its convergent research applications in NAD+ pathway biology, mitochondrial function, sirtuin activation, and metabolic ageing. Its mechanistic relationship with 5-Amino-1MQ — which works by inhibiting NNMT to preserve nicotinamide for NAD+ biosynthesis via the salvage pathway — makes them particularly complementary research tools.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNAD+ occupies a position of singular importance in cellular biochemistry: it is a required coenzyme or substrate in over 500 enzymatic reactions, and all major pathways for ATP production — glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and beta-oxidation — require NAD+ and its reduced counterpart NADH. The NAD+\/NADH ratio is a primary control point linking hundreds of metabolic reactions throughout the cell, and its dysregulation is implicated in a wide range of pathological states from metabolic syndrome and neurodegeneration to cardiovascular disease and accelerated cellular ageing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAmong the most significant discoveries of the past two decades in NAD+ biology is the consistent finding — confirmed across multiple species and tissue types — that cellular NAD+ levels decline progressively with age. This decline is driven by multiple converging mechanisms: increased activity of NAD+-consuming enzymes including PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase), CD38 (a major NAD+ glycohydrolase), and SARM1; decreased expression of NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), the rate-limiting enzyme of the NAD+ salvage pathway; and increased NNMT activity (the target of 5-Amino-1MQ) diverting nicotinamide away from NAD+ biosynthesis. This age-related NAD+ depletion has emerged as one of the central mechanistic hypotheses in ageing biology, driving enormous research interest in NAD+ repletion strategies and the compounds — including NAD+ itself, its precursors NMN and NR, and NNMT inhibitors like 5-Amino-1MQ — that can restore cellular NAD+ levels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur NAD+ is supplied as a research-grade lyophilised powder, manufactured under strict quality-controlled conditions and verified to a purity of greater than 99% by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNAD+ has accumulated one of the broadest and most rapidly expanding bodies of research literature of any compound in contemporary biology — with thousands of peer-reviewed publications spanning cellular metabolism, sirtuin biology, DNA repair, cardiovascular science, neuroscience, immunology, and ageing research. Its central role as both a redox carrier and a signalling molecule substrate makes it mechanistically relevant to virtually every area of biomedical research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCellular Energy Metabolism: Redox Carrier \u0026amp; ATP Production\u003c\/strong\u003e The most fundamental role of NAD+ is as a hydride acceptor in catabolic oxidation reactions. During glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and beta-oxidation, NAD+ accepts electrons from metabolic intermediates to form NADH. NADH then donates these electrons to Complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, driving the proton gradient that powers ATP synthase — ultimately generating the majority of cellular ATP. This redox cycling between NAD+ and NADH is so fundamental that it has been described as the central axis of cellular bioenergetics. Researchers studying mitochondrial function, metabolic efficiency, and bioenergetic capacity use NAD+ as both a research substrate and a reference standard in assays examining cellular respiration and oxidative phosphorylation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSirtuin Activation \u0026amp; Gene Regulation\u003c\/strong\u003e NAD+ is an essential co-substrate — not merely a cofactor — for the sirtuin family of deacetylase enzymes (SIRT1–SIRT7). Sirtuins consume one molecule of NAD+ per deacetylation reaction, meaning their activity is directly and stoichiometrically gated by cellular NAD+ availability. This makes the NAD+\/sirtuin axis one of the most important and actively studied regulatory systems in cellular biology. The seven sirtuin isoforms have distinct subcellular localisations and substrate specificities with broad regulatory reach: SIRT1 (nuclear\/cytoplasmic) regulates gene expression, insulin signalling, and stress responses via deacetylation of p53, NF-κB, FOXO, and PGC-1α; SIRT3 (mitochondrial) regulates oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and antioxidant defences via SOD2 activation; SIRT6 (nuclear) regulates DNA repair, telomere maintenance, and inflammatory gene expression. Because NAD+ availability directly controls the activity of all seven sirtuins simultaneously, NAD+ repletion has been studied as a strategy for broadly restoring sirtuin-mediated regulatory function in aged or metabolically compromised cells — with extensive preclinical data supporting improvements in mitochondrial function, metabolic homeostasis, and cellular stress resilience.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNAD+ Decline with Age \u0026amp; Ageing Biology Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The progressive, tissue-wide decline of NAD+ with age is one of the most replicated findings in modern ageing biology. Published data across rodent and human studies have documented NAD+ reductions of 30–60% in multiple tissues between young adulthood and old age, with corresponding declines in sirtuin activity, mitochondrial function, and metabolic flexibility. Key drivers of this decline include age-associated upregulation of CD38 — the primary NAD+-consuming enzyme in mammalian tissues — and increased PARP activity driven by accumulating DNA damage. Research in mouse models has consistently demonstrated that strategies to restore NAD+ levels — including direct NAD+ or precursor supplementation, CD38 inhibition, and NNMT inhibition (the mechanism of 5-Amino-1MQ) — produce improvements in multiple age-associated phenotypes including muscle function, metabolic parameters, cognitive performance, and inflammatory status. NAD+ is therefore a central experimental tool and reference compound in preclinical ageing biology research, where it is used both as a direct supplement and as a biochemical endpoint in studies examining the efficacy of NAD+-boosting interventions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDNA Repair: PARP Activation \u0026amp; Genomic Stability\u003c\/strong\u003e Beyond its role in energy metabolism and sirtuin signalling, NAD+ is the essential substrate for PARP enzymes (poly ADP-ribose polymerases) — the primary cellular DNA damage sensors and repair initiators. Upon detection of DNA strand breaks, PARP1 consumes NAD+ to synthesise poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) chains on target proteins, recruiting the DNA repair machinery and modifying chromatin structure to facilitate access to the damage site. This process can consume enormous quantities of NAD+ during periods of high DNA damage burden — a situation observed in aged cells where accumulated oxidative and replicative DNA damage drives chronic PARP hyperactivation and consequent NAD+ depletion. Researchers studying DNA repair fidelity, genomic stability, and the relationship between NAD+ availability and repair capacity use NAD+ as both a substrate and a readout in assays probing the PARP-NAD+ axis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular Research \u0026amp; Heart Failure Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e NAD+ deficiency has been consistently linked to heart failure pathophysiology across multiple preclinical and emerging clinical research contexts. A 2025 review in the American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs identified NAD+ as a fundamental coenzyme whose deficiency impairs sirtuin activity, disrupts mitochondrial biogenesis via PGC-1α, compromises ATP synthesis efficiency, attenuates antioxidant defences (via SIRT3-FOXO3\/SOD2), disturbs Ca²⁺ homeostasis, and dysregulates mitophagy — collectively driving bioenergetic collapse alongside oxidative stress and adverse cardiac remodelling. Preclinical data in ischaemic heart failure models have consistently demonstrated that restoring NAD+ levels rescues mitochondrial function, attenuates remodelling, and enhances cardiac performance. A 2025 randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial (n=180 adults with ischaemic cardiomyopathy, LVEF ≤45%, NYHA grade II–III) published in the American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs examined NAD+ supplementation in this population — providing rare human clinical data on direct NAD+ administration in a cardiovascular disease context and adding to the growing translational evidence base for NAD+ in heart failure research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeurological \u0026amp; Neuroprotective Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The brain is among the most metabolically demanding and NAD+-dependent tissues in the body, and NAD+ depletion has been implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple neurodegenerative conditions. Research has examined NAD+ in models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury — with findings consistently pointing to NAD+-dependent sirtuin activity, PARP-mediated NAD+ consumption, and mitochondrial dysfunction as mechanistically important contributors to neuronal vulnerability and disease progression. SIRT1 activation by NAD+ has been specifically investigated as a potential modulator of amyloid precursor protein processing and tau acetylation — two central pathological processes in Alzheimer's disease research. NAD+ is also the substrate for SARM1 — a key regulator of Wallerian axon degeneration — making the NAD+\/SARM1 axis a subject of growing interest in peripheral neuropathy and axonal injury research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImmunological \u0026amp; Inflammatory Research\u003c\/strong\u003e CD38 — the primary NAD+-consuming enzyme in immune cells — plays a central role in regulating the inflammatory capacity of innate immune cells, and the relationship between NAD+ availability, CD38 activity, and inflammatory cytokine production is an active area of investigation. Research has shown that macrophage activation is accompanied by rapid NAD+ depletion driven by CD38 upregulation and PARP activation, and that NAD+ repletion can modulate the inflammatory response of activated immune cells. The NAD+\/sirtuin axis — particularly SIRT1 and SIRT6 — intersects directly with NF-κB signalling and inflammatory gene expression, providing mechanistic connections between NAD+ availability and the intensity and resolution of inflammatory responses that are of direct relevance to researchers working on inflammatory biology across multiple tissue systems.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic Research: Insulin Sensitivity, Lipid Metabolism \u0026amp; Obesity\u003c\/strong\u003e The NAD+\/sirtuin axis is deeply integrated with metabolic regulation. SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of PGC-1α — a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation — is NAD+-dependent, and the age- and obesity-associated decline in cellular NAD+ is directly associated with reduced PGC-1α activity, impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, and metabolic inflexibility. Preclinical research in diet-induced obesity models has demonstrated that NAD+ repletion improves insulin sensitivity, reduces adiposity, and enhances mitochondrial function — effects that complement and contextualise the findings from MOTS-c (AMPK activation) and retatrutide (triple hormone receptor agonism) research in metabolic disease models. NAD+ is therefore an important reference compound for researchers studying the metabolic ageing axis and comparing mechanistically distinct approaches to improving cellular metabolic function.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eThe NAD+ Biosynthesis Landscape: Research Context\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eUnderstanding the pathways through which cells synthesise and maintain NAD+ is essential context for researchers working with NAD+ and related compounds. NAD+ is synthesised via three primary routes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDe Novo Synthesis:\u003c\/strong\u003e From dietary tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway, ultimately producing quinolinic acid and then NAD+ via NAAD (nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePreiss-Handler Pathway:\u003c\/strong\u003e From nicotinic acid (niacin) via NAPRT (nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase) and NAAD.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSalvage Pathway (dominant in most tissues):\u003c\/strong\u003e From nicotinamide (NAM) — the breakdown product of NAD+ consumption by PARP, sirtuins, and CD38 — via NAMPT (the rate-limiting enzyme) to NMN, then to NAD+ via NMNAT enzymes (NMNAT1 in nucleus, NMNAT2 in cytoplasm, NMNAT3 in mitochondria). Nicotinamide riboside (NR) can also enter the salvage pathway via NRK (nicotinamide riboside kinase) to NMN and then NAD+.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe salvage pathway is particularly relevant to researchers working with 5-Amino-1MQ — which inhibits NNMT, the enzyme that methylates nicotinamide and diverts it away from the NAMPT-mediated salvage pathway, thereby preserving nicotinamide flux toward NAD+ synthesis. This mechanistic connection makes 5-Amino-1MQ and NAD+ complementary research tools: NAD+ directly provides the coenzyme, while 5-Amino-1MQ supports endogenous NAD+ biosynthesis by protecting its precursor supply.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eNAD+ in the Context of the Research Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNAD+ occupies a foundational position within the metabolic research arm of our catalogue — as the central coenzyme whose availability directly gates sirtuin activity, PARP-mediated DNA repair, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and CD38-mediated immune regulation simultaneously. Its research relationship with other catalogue compounds is mechanistically direct:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e5-Amino-1MQ\u003c\/strong\u003e — inhibits NNMT, preserving nicotinamide for NAD+ biosynthesis via the salvage pathway; the two compounds work on the same NAD+ axis from complementary angles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMOTS-c\u003c\/strong\u003e — activates AMPK and operates downstream of mitochondrial NAD+ sensing; studies of MOTS-c and NAD+ together provide complementary perspectives on mitochondrial metabolic regulation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRetatrutide\u003c\/strong\u003e — addresses systemic hormonal metabolic regulation via GIP\/GLP-1\/glucagon receptors; NAD+ provides the intracellular bioenergetic context for the tissue-level metabolic effects observed with GLP-1 class compounds\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGHK-Cu\u003c\/strong\u003e — upregulates gene expression broadly including antioxidant defence genes; NAD+-dependent SIRT3 activation of SOD2 provides a mechanistically complementary antioxidant research axis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTogether, NAD+, 5-Amino-1MQ, and MOTS-c represent the most tightly integrated mechanistic cluster within our catalogue — three compounds converging on cellular metabolic resilience, mitochondrial function, and the biology of metabolic ageing from distinct and complementary molecular angles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCompound\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNAD+ (β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, oxidised form)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClassification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eDinucleotide coenzyme — redox carrier and enzyme cofactor\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e663.43 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAvailable Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e500mg, 1000mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eFreely soluble in water; prepare fresh solutions\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, desiccated, away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised, desiccated)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e53-84-9\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our NAD+ undergoes a rigorous multi-stage quality control process before release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms compound purity exceeding 99% and confirms the NAD+ (oxidised) form\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity and confirms absence of NADH or other dinucleotide contaminants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEnzymatic Activity Assay\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms biological activity as a coenzyme substrate in standard enzymatic reactions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eKarl Fischer Moisture Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms low residual moisture critical to stability of the lyophilised powder\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNAD+ is hygroscopic and sensitive to moisture, heat, and light in ways that require specific QC attention beyond standard peptide quality control. Our Karl Fischer moisture analysis and desiccated packaging protocols are specifically designed to address these stability characteristics and ensure research-grade reliability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNAD+ lyophilised powder is freely soluble in water. Prepare aqueous solutions fresh immediately before use — NAD+ undergoes hydrolysis in solution, particularly at acidic or alkaline pH, and prolonged storage of reconstituted solutions is not recommended for research-grade applications where concentration accuracy is important. For assay use, prepare working solutions at neutral pH (6.5–7.5) in appropriate buffer systems consistent with the experimental protocol.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eStore the lyophilised powder in tightly sealed, desiccated containers at –20°C protected from light. NAD+ is hygroscopic — moisture absorption during handling will degrade both the powder quality and the accuracy of mass-based concentration calculations. Weigh and handle under low-humidity conditions where possible. Avoid repeated opening of the stock vial; consider pre-aliquoting into working-size quantities under dry conditions before the first opening.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. NAD+ is not approved as a therapeutic agent for human use by the FDA or EMA in the context of this research-grade supply. It is not a drug or supplement formulated for human consumption. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"500mg","offer_id":59643105771854,"sku":null,"price":49.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000mg","offer_id":59643105804622,"sku":null,"price":95.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_152218_58bfb058-b93c-48b0-a252-6a9646536619_1.png?v=1779451040"},{"product_id":"retatrutide","title":"Retatrutide","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eRetatrutide | LY3437943 | GIP\/GLP-1\/Glucagon Triple Receptor Agonist | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso Known As:\u003c\/strong\u003e LY3437943 \u003cstrong\u003eMechanism:\u003c\/strong\u003e Triple agonist — GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Structure:\u003c\/strong\u003e 39-amino acid peptide with C20 fatty diacid moiety \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2381272-73-5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is Retatrutide?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eRetatrutide (developmental code: LY3437943) is an investigational synthetic peptide developed by Eli Lilly and Company. It is a first-in-class triple hormone receptor agonist, designed as a single molecule that simultaneously activates three distinct receptors: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucagon (GCG). This multi-receptor mechanism distinguishes retatrutide from earlier generations of incretin-based research compounds — including GLP-1 mono-agonists such as semaglutide, and dual GIP\/GLP-1 agonists such as tirzepatide — by introducing glucagon receptor activation as an additional metabolic axis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eStructurally, retatrutide is a 39-amino acid peptide conjugated to a C20 fatty diacid moiety, which confers an extended pharmacokinetic half-life suitable for once-weekly dosing in clinical research settings. Compared to endogenous GLP-1 and glucagon, retatrutide demonstrates lower potency at GLP-1 and glucagon receptors but substantially higher potency at the human GIP receptor — a pharmacological profile deliberately engineered to balance efficacy with tolerability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eRetatrutide has progressed through Phase 2 clinical trials and into the Phase 3 TRIUMPH programme — one of the most significant and closely watched clinical development programmes in metabolic research. It currently represents the most clinically advanced triple hormone receptor agonist in the scientific literature and is among the most actively researched peptides in the field of metabolic and obesity science.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur retatrutide is supplied for research purposes only, synthesised under strict quality-controlled manufacturing conditions and verified to a purity of greater than 99% by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). It is provided as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Clinical Trial Data\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eRetatrutide has one of the most substantive and rapidly evolving clinical research profiles of any peptide currently available for laboratory study. The compound has been evaluated in multiple randomised, placebo-controlled trials and has generated results that have been published in leading peer-reviewed journals including the New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, and Nature Medicine.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTriple Receptor Mechanism of Action\u003c\/strong\u003e Retatrutide's triple agonist mechanism operates across three complementary metabolic pathways. GLP-1 receptor activation suppresses appetite, slows gastric emptying, and promotes insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. GIP receptor activation enhances insulin secretion, modulates adipose tissue metabolism, and appears to synergise with GLP-1 activity to produce greater metabolic effects than either hormone alone — as demonstrated by the clinical performance of the dual agonist tirzepatide. The addition of glucagon receptor agonism introduces a third axis: increased energy expenditure, enhanced hepatic fat oxidation, and PCSK9-mediated reduction in LDL cholesterol. The net result of this triple activation is a broader and potentially more powerful metabolic response than earlier generation single or dual receptor agonists.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhase 2 Obesity Trial — New England Journal of Medicine (2023)\u003c\/strong\u003e The pivotal Phase 2 obesity trial of retatrutide, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, enrolled 338 adults with obesity (BMI ≥30) or overweight with weight-related comorbidities. Participants received once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide at doses of 1 mg, 4 mg, 8 mg, or 12 mg, or placebo, for 48 weeks. The results were notable even by the elevated standards of the modern incretin era. At 48 weeks, participants on the 8 mg dose achieved a mean body weight reduction of 22.8%, while those on the highest 12 mg dose achieved a mean reduction of 24.2% — compared to just 2.1% in the placebo group. Notably, 100% of participants in both the 8 mg and 12 mg groups achieved at least 5% body weight reduction, with 83% of the 12 mg group achieving reductions of 15% or more. These findings were accompanied by meaningful improvements in cardiometabolic markers including waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, HbA1c, insulin levels, and lipid profiles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhase 2 Type 2 Diabetes Trial — The Lancet (2023)\u003c\/strong\u003e A parallel Phase 2 trial published in The Lancet assessed retatrutide in 281 participants with type 2 diabetes over 36 weeks. At the highest dose of 12 mg, participants achieved mean body weight reduction of 16.9% compared to 3.0% with placebo. Glycaemic outcomes were equally striking: 77–82% of participants on retatrutide achieved euglycaemia (HbA1c ≤6.5%), and between 57–63% achieved body weight reductions of 15% or more. These results were described by lead investigators as the most significant weight loss outcomes reported in a clinical trial for type 2 diabetes at that time.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD\/NASH) — Nature Medicine (2024)\u003c\/strong\u003e A substudy of the Phase 2 obesity trial, published in Nature Medicine, examined retatrutide's effects in participants with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly NAFLD). Results demonstrated substantial reductions in liver fat content at 24 weeks across all active doses, with the 8 mg and 12 mg doses producing mean relative liver fat reductions of 81.4% and 82.4% respectively, compared to a +0.3% change with placebo. At the highest doses, more than 90% of participants achieved normalisation of liver fat — findings of significant interest to researchers working in hepatology and fatty liver disease.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhase 3 TRIUMPH Programme\u003c\/strong\u003e Retatrutide has now entered the Phase 3 TRIUMPH clinical programme, one of the most expansive trial programmes currently underway in obesity and metabolic medicine. The TRIUMPH programme is evaluating retatrutide across multiple indications including chronic weight management, type 2 diabetes, knee osteoarthritis, moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnoea, chronic low back pain, cardiovascular and renal outcomes, and MASLD. In December 2025, Eli Lilly announced positive topline results from TRIUMPH-4 — a 68-week Phase 3 trial in adults with obesity and knee osteoarthritis — in which retatrutide delivered average weight loss of up to 71.2 lbs alongside substantial reductions in osteoarthritis pain. Phase 3 trials across the broader TRIUMPH programme are projected to continue through 2025 and beyond, with regulatory submission timelines dependent on full data readouts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiometabolic Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Beyond weight reduction, retatrutide's glucagon receptor component has attracted research interest for its cardiovascular effects. Phase 2 data demonstrated LDL cholesterol reductions of approximately 20%, a finding researchers have attributed to glucagon agonism-mediated effects on PCSK9 degradation. Reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and markers of insulin resistance have also been observed, positioning retatrutide as a subject of broad interest across cardiometabolic research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eRetatrutide (LY3437943)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMechanism\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTriple agonist — GIP \/ GLP-1 \/ glucagon receptors\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStructure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e39-amino acid peptide, C20 fatty diacid conjugate\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e2381272-73-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our retatrutide undergoes a rigorous multi-stage quality control process before release to researchers. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, fatty acid conjugation integrity, and sequence accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across synthesis, purification, and quality testing, giving researchers the confidence required for reproducible, high-quality experimental work.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eRetatrutide lyophilised powder should be reconstituted using sterile bacteriostatic water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Gently swirl the vial — do not vortex. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately and store at –20°C. As with all peptide conjugates containing fatty acid moieties, repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be strictly avoided to preserve the structural integrity of the molecule and the reliability of experimental results.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eRetatrutide in Context: How It Compares to Other Research Peptides\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eRetatrutide occupies a distinct position within the broader research peptide landscape. Unlike tissue-focused peptides such as BPC-157 and TB-500, or genomic and matrix-remodelling peptides such as GHK-Cu, retatrutide operates as a hormonal receptor agonist targeting the systemic neuroendocrine regulation of metabolism. Its triple receptor mechanism sets it apart even from other incretin-class research compounds — representing the next evolutionary step beyond semaglutide (GLP-1 mono-agonist) and tirzepatide (GLP-1\/GIP dual agonist) in the hierarchy of metabolic peptide research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFor researchers building a comprehensive metabolic peptide panel, retatrutide complements MOTS-c — which operates at the mitochondrial and intracellular metabolic level — by providing a systemic hormonal signalling perspective on energy homeostasis and metabolic regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll peptides in our catalogue are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and are supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. Retatrutide is an investigational compound and is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"20mg","offer_id":59643105870158,"sku":null,"price":97.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"40mg","offer_id":59643105935694,"sku":null,"price":188.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_174838_15734fbb-a993-46d2-bc3d-451a37913fd2.png?v=1779451042"},{"product_id":"selank","title":"Selank","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eSelank | Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro | Synthetic Tuftsin Analogue | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro (TKPRPGP) \u003cstrong\u003eClassification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Heptapeptide — synthetic analogue of the endogenous immunopeptide tuftsin \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₃₃H₅₇N₁₁O₉ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 751.88 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 129954-34-3\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is Selank?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSelank is a synthetic heptapeptide consisting of seven amino acids (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro), developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences in collaboration with the V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology. It was designed as a metabolically stabilised synthetic analogue of tuftsin — a naturally occurring tetrapeptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) found within the Fc region of human immunoglobulin G heavy chains, where it plays an endogenous immunoregulatory role.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTo address tuftsin's extremely short biological half-life in vivo, researchers extended the C-terminus of the native sequence with three additional natural L-amino acids — Pro-Gly-Pro — producing a compound with significantly enhanced metabolic stability while retaining and expanding the biological activity of the parent molecule. The result is Selank: a peptide with a unique pharmacological profile spanning neuropsychiatric, nootropic, and immunomodulatory research domains, and one of the most extensively studied research peptides to emerge from the Russian neuropharmacology literature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSelank has been investigated in both preclinical animal models and clinical studies — including a registered clinical trial in generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and neurasthenia — making it unusual among research peptides in having a degree of human clinical data behind it. It is approved and used as a pharmaceutical nasal spray in Russia and several other post-Soviet states, though it has not been evaluated by the FDA or EMA and remains an investigational compound in Western research contexts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur Selank is synthesised under rigorous quality-controlled manufacturing conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS), and supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSelank has accumulated an extensive and diverse body of preclinical and clinical research since its development, spanning anxiolytic pharmacology, cognitive neuroscience, neuroimmunology, enkephalin metabolism, and antiviral biology. Its multi-system mechanism of action — operating simultaneously across GABAergic, monoaminergic, and neurotrophic signalling pathways — distinguishes it from single-target anxiolytic compounds and has sustained continued scientific interest across several decades of research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGABAergic Modulation \u0026amp; Anxiolytic Activity\u003c\/strong\u003e The most extensively characterised mechanism of Selank's anxiolytic activity involves the GABAergic system. Radioligand binding studies have demonstrated that Selank acts as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors — increasing the binding of [³H]GABA and modulating chloride ion channel opening frequency in a manner functionally analogous to benzodiazepines, but through a distinct and non-overlapping binding site. This GABAergic action produces anxiolytic effects comparable in magnitude to classical benzodiazepine drugs in both preclinical models and clinical studies, without the sedation, muscle relaxation, amnesia, tolerance, or dependence potential associated with that drug class. Gene expression studies have further shown that Selank modulates the expression of key genes involved in GABAergic neurotransmission — including Drd1a, Drd2, Slc6a13, and Ptgs2 — with effects observed as early as one hour post-administration in rodent models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClinical Trial Data: Generalised Anxiety Disorder \u0026amp; Neurasthenia\u003c\/strong\u003e Selank's anxiolytic profile has been evaluated in a clinical study led by Zozulia and colleagues, involving 62 participants — a subset with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and others with neurasthenia — assessed using standardised psychometric instruments including the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and the Zung Self-Rating Scale. In this trial, Selank demonstrated anxiolytic efficacy comparable to the reference benzodiazepine medazepam, while additionally producing antiasthenic and psychostimulant effects that the comparator drug did not. Researchers also observed modulation of leu-enkephalin half-life in treated participants — a biochemical correlate of Selank's activity on endogenous opioid peptide metabolism — with the degree of change correlating meaningfully with baseline anxiety severity and symptom duration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMonoaminergic \u0026amp; Nootropic Mechanisms\u003c\/strong\u003e Beyond the GABAergic system, Selank has been found to influence concentrations of key monoamine neurotransmitters — serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline — in a manner that underpins both its mood-stabilising and cognitive-enhancing effects. Research has documented Selank-induced metabolism of serotonin and modulation of dopaminergic receptor gene expression, including the dopamine D5 receptor (Drd5) — a receptor with a well-established role in long-term potentiation and the formation of memory and learning processes. Selank also appears to stimulate the noradrenergic system, which plays a central role in arousal, attention, and motivational processing — a mechanism that may contribute to the psychostimulant and anti-asthenic effects observed in clinical research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThese combined monoaminergic effects have positioned Selank as one of the more mechanistically interesting nootropic research peptides available, distinguished from other nootropics by the convergence of anxiolytic calming and cognitive stimulation within a single compound — properties that are typically pharmacologically opposing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBDNF Upregulation \u0026amp; Neuroplasticity Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Selank has been found to rapidly elevate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus of rats following administration. BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family and plays a critical role in synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation, neurogenesis, and the consolidation of learning and memory. Its dysregulation is implicated in a range of neuropsychiatric conditions including depression, anxiety disorders, and age-related cognitive decline. Selank's capacity to upregulate hippocampal BDNF has been proposed as a key mechanism underlying both its nootropic effects and its neuroprotective activity in models of alcohol-induced cognitive impairment — where administration prevented ethanol-induced disruption of BDNF levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, alongside statistically significant improvements in object recognition memory in rodent models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnkephalin Protection \u0026amp; Endogenous Opioid Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Selank and the closely related peptide Semax have been found to inhibit enzymes responsible for the degradation of enkephalins — endogenous opioid pentapeptides that modulate pain perception, stress response, and emotional regulation. By reducing enkephalin breakdown, Selank effectively prolongs the activity of these endogenous regulatory peptides, producing analgesic and anxiolytic effects through the opioid system in parallel to its GABAergic and monoaminergic mechanisms. This enkephalin-sparing activity has been proposed as an additional contributor to Selank's anti-stress and mood-stabilising effects observed across preclinical models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImmunomodulatory \u0026amp; Antiviral Research\u003c\/strong\u003e As a tuftsin analogue, Selank retains the immunomodulatory properties of its parent peptide. Research has demonstrated Selank's capacity to modulate the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and to influence the balance of T helper cell cytokines, with effects on both the Th1 and Th2 arms of the adaptive immune response. Selank has also been found to significantly alter the expression of genes encoding chemokines, cytokines, and their receptors in mouse spleen tissue at six and twenty-four hours post-administration. Additionally, Selank has been investigated for antiviral activity — including studies examining its effects on influenza replication — positioning it as a compound of interest in immunology research beyond its well-established neuropsychiatric profile.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeuroprotection \u0026amp; Anti-inflammatory Activity\u003c\/strong\u003e Selank has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in multiple preclinical models, attributed in part to its anti-inflammatory activity within the central nervous system. Research has shown Selank-induced changes in the expression of genes involved in inflammatory processes in the hippocampus and spleen of rodents, suggesting a capacity to modulate neuroinflammatory cascades that contribute to neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. Its antioxidant properties and effects on BDNF further reinforce its preclinical profile as a neuroprotective research tool.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSelank (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClassification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSynthetic tuftsin analogue — heptapeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₃₃H₅₇N₁₁O₉\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e751.88 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e129954-34-3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our Selank undergoes a comprehensive multi-stage quality control process prior to release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, sequence integrity, and molecular weight\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across synthesis, purification, and quality testing, providing researchers with the confidence required for reproducible, high-quality experimental outcomes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSelank lyophilised powder is readily soluble in sterile bacteriostatic water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Gently swirl to dissolve — do not vortex. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately and store at –20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to preserve peptide integrity. Note that Selank is not orally bioavailable due to rapid enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract; preclinical research protocols have most commonly employed intranasal or intraperitoneal administration routes in animal models, which should be considered when designing in vivo experimental protocols.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eSelank in the Context of the Research Peptide Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSelank occupies a distinct and complementary niche within our research catalogue as the only compound with a primary focus on central nervous system research — spanning anxiolytic pharmacology, nootropic biology, neuroimmunology, and BDNF-mediated neuroplasticity. It is closely related to Semax — another tuftsin-derived neuropeptide also developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics — which shares some mechanistic overlap but differs in emphasis, with Semax research more focused on ACTH-related neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement rather than anxiolysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWithin the broader catalogue, Selank's neuroinflammatory and immunomodulatory research applications provide a complementary perspective to the systemic tissue repair focus of BPC-157 and TB-500, the dermal and genomic remodelling activity of GHK-Cu, the mitochondrial metabolic biology of MOTS-c, the systemic hormonal signalling of retatrutide, the intracellular NAD+ and sarcopenia-focused research applications of 5-Amino-1MQ, and the endocrine and anabolic reference standard role of HGH. Together, these eight compounds span an exceptionally broad mechanistic range — from intracellular energy metabolism to systemic hormone signalling, tissue repair, and central nervous system biology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll peptides in our catalogue are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and are supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. Selank is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA or EMA. While Selank is approved as a pharmaceutical preparation in Russia, this research-grade product has not undergone the clinical evaluation required for therapeutic approval in Western regulatory jurisdictions. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals outside of appropriately approved and supervised research contexts. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":59643105968462,"sku":null,"price":19.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643106001230,"sku":null,"price":37.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_172033_af218185-3334-4b48-a511-cee0e76f7bd4.png?v=1779451045"},{"product_id":"semax-peptide","title":"Semax Peptide","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eSemax | Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro | Synthetic ACTH(4-7) Analogue | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro (MEHFPGP) \u003cstrong\u003eClassification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Synthetic heptapeptide — ACTH(4-7) analogue with C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro extension \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₃₇H₅₁N₉O₁₀S \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 813.93 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003eKey Structural Features:\u003c\/strong\u003e ACTH(4-7) pharmacophore core (Met-Glu-His-Phe) + C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro stabilising\/active extension \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 80714-61-0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is Semax?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSemax is a synthetic heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences — the same institution responsible for Selank. It is an analogue of the ACTH(4-10) fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone, specifically derived from the ACTH(4-7) core sequence (Met-Glu-His-Phe) — the minimal active fragment responsible for the cognitive and neuroprotective activity of ACTH — with a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) tripeptide extension appended to enhance metabolic stability and, as subsequent research has revealed, to contribute independent pharmacological activity of its own.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEndogenous ACTH is a 39-amino acid pituitary hormone primarily known for its role in stimulating cortisol synthesis in the adrenal cortex. However, researchers beginning in the 1960s identified that the N-terminal fragment ACTH(4-10) exerted profound effects on learning, memory, and stress adaptation that were entirely independent of its adrenocortical actions. Semax was designed to isolate and enhance this CNS-active fragment — and to do so without the hormonal side effects of the full ACTH molecule. The critical design choice was the C-terminal PGP extension: Pro-Gly-Pro provides primary resistance to proteolytic degradation, extending the compound's half-life from the minutes range of native ACTH(4-7) to approximately several hours, enabling meaningful and sustained CNS activity following administration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSemax has been registered as a pharmaceutical nasal spray preparation in Russia since 1996 and is approved for clinical use in the treatment of stroke, transient ischaemic attack, brain hypoxia, and cognitive disorders — making it, alongside Selank, one of the only research peptides in our catalogue with both a multi-decade research history and approved pharmaceutical status in any jurisdiction. It has not been evaluated by the FDA or EMA and remains an investigational compound in Western research contexts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur Semax is synthesised under rigorous quality-controlled manufacturing conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by HPLC and Mass Spectrometry, and supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for maximum stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSemax has accumulated over three decades of preclinical and clinical research since its development in the early 1990s, spanning cognitive neuroscience, neuroprotection, stroke biology, neuroimmunology, neurotrophic factor regulation, monoamine pharmacology, and opioid receptor biology. Its heptapeptide structure belies remarkable mechanistic breadth — operating simultaneously across BDNF\/TrkB signalling, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission, enkephalinase inhibition, and neurotrophin gene expression — making it one of the most mechanistically rich research peptides available.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBDNF \u0026amp; TrkB Upregulation — Core Nootropic Mechanism\u003c\/strong\u003e The most extensively characterised mechanism of Semax's nootropic and neuroprotective activity centres on its capacity to upregulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its primary receptor TrkB in hippocampal and cortical tissue. In the landmark study published in Brain Research (Dolotov et al., 2006; PMID: 16996037), a single intranasal application of Semax at 50 μg\/kg in rats produced a maximal 1.4-fold increase in hippocampal BDNF protein levels, a 1.6-fold increase in TrkB tyrosine phosphorylation, a 3-fold increase in exon III BDNF mRNA, and a 2-fold increase in TrkB mRNA — effects observed within hours of a single administration. Semax-treated animals additionally showed a statistically significant increase in conditioned avoidance reactions — a validated measure of learning consolidation — leading the authors to conclude that Semax modulates cognitive function through activation of the hippocampal BDNF\/TrkB system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThese BDNF effects have since been replicated and extended in multiple subsequent studies. Research has also documented Semax-induced upregulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA in both rat hippocampus and in glial cell cultures — suggesting that neurotrophin upregulation by Semax extends beyond the BDNF axis to encompass the broader neurotrophin family. BDNF and NGF are critical mediators of synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation, neurogenesis, and neuronal survival — making their upregulation a mechanistically compelling basis for Semax's observed cognitive and neuroprotective effects across multiple experimental models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe PGP Tail: Active Pharmacological Component\u003c\/strong\u003e A growing body of evidence has established that the C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) tripeptide extension is not merely a metabolic stabiliser — it is an active pharmacological component with independent biological activity. Studies examining PGP alone have demonstrated that it activates neurotrophin transcription in ischaemic brain tissue, with effects documented in a 2024 PMC publication (PMC11498467) examining the transcriptional responses of BDNF, NGF, and TrkB genes following cerebral ischaemia. Both Semax and PGP activated expression of these neurotrophin genes in the ischaemic brain, with Semax producing the broader and more potent transcriptional response — consistent with synergistic contributions from both the ACTH(4-7) core and the PGP extension. This finding is significant for researchers seeking to understand Semax's mechanism at a molecular level: the compound functions as a bifunctional peptide, with distinct pharmacophore activity arising from both its N-terminal ACTH-derived core and its C-terminal PGP extension.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReceptor Binding: Specific CNS Binding Sites\u003c\/strong\u003e Tritium-labelled Semax binding studies in rat basal forebrain have identified high-affinity, specific CNS binding sites with a KD of 2.4 ± 1.0 nM and a BMAX of 33.5 ± 7.9 fmol\/mg protein — pharmacological parameters consistent with a specifically acting compound at dedicated receptor sites rather than non-specific membrane interactions. The precise molecular identity of these binding sites remains under active investigation, but their characterisation has strengthened the mechanistic basis for Semax's CNS activity and supported its classification as a compound with defined receptor-level pharmacology rather than merely non-specific neuromodulatory effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMonoaminergic Neurotransmission: Dopaminergic \u0026amp; Serotonergic Systems\u003c\/strong\u003e Semax modulates the activity of multiple monoamine neurotransmitter systems with relevance to cognitive function, mood regulation, and stress resilience. Research has documented Semax-induced increases in dopamine and serotonin turnover in the rat frontal cortex and hippocampus, consistent with its observed effects on motivation, attention, and learning performance in preclinical models. Gene expression studies have identified Semax-induced changes in the expression of genes encoding dopamine and serotonin receptors, transporters, and metabolic enzymes — pointing to transcriptional as well as acute neurochemical mechanisms underlying its monoaminergic activity. The dopaminergic component is of particular research interest given dopamine's central role in prefrontal cortical executive function, working memory, and reward-driven learning.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAntidepressant-Like \u0026amp; Anti-stress Activity\u003c\/strong\u003e A 2024 study by Inozemtseva and colleagues published in the European Journal of Pharmacology evaluated Semax alongside its PGP fragment for antidepressant-like and antistress effects in a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model in male rats. Both Semax and PGP reduced immobility in the forced swim test and tail suspension test — validated measures of antidepressant-like activity — at statistically significant levels, with Semax producing effects comparable to or exceeding the PGP fragment alone across multiple behavioural measures. These findings add to a growing literature examining Semax in models of depression and anxiety, and complement earlier preclinical data demonstrating Semax's attenuation of stress-induced cognitive and behavioural deficits in rodent models of chronic stress.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStroke Neuroprotection \u0026amp; Ischaemia Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The clinical indication for which Semax holds Russian pharmaceutical approval — stroke and brain ischaemia — is supported by a substantial body of preclinical research. In rat and mouse models of focal cerebral ischaemia, Semax has consistently demonstrated reduction of infarct volume, attenuation of post-ischaemic neuroinflammatory gene expression, and improvement in neurological outcome measures. Research published in journals including the Journal of Neurochemistry and Brain Research has examined the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects — with Semax-induced upregulation of BDNF, NGF, and TrkB identified as key mediators of the observed neuroprotection, alongside modulation of the inflammatory cytokine cascade in peri-infarct brain tissue. The dual activation of neurotrophin transcription by both the ACTH(4-7) core and the PGP extension appears to contribute synergistically to these ischaemia-protective effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMu Opioid Receptor Deubiquitination — 2025 Findings\u003c\/strong\u003e A 2025 study by Liu and colleagues identified a novel mechanism for Semax: promotion of deubiquitination of mu opioid receptors (MORs), with consequent stabilisation of lysosomal membranes following spinal cord injury. This finding — published in 2025 and therefore representing some of the most current Semax mechanistic research available — suggests that Semax's neuroprotective activity extends into the opioid receptor system and intracellular membrane biology in ways not previously characterised. The lysosomal membrane stabilisation finding is of particular interest given the role of lysosomal dysfunction in neuronal apoptosis following mechanical CNS injury, and opens a new investigational axis for Semax in spinal cord injury research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnkephalinase Inhibition \u0026amp; Endogenous Opioid Modulation\u003c\/strong\u003e Like Selank, Semax has been found to inhibit enzymes responsible for degrading enkephalins — endogenous opioid pentapeptides with roles in pain modulation, stress response, and emotional regulation. By reducing enkephalin breakdown, Semax extends the activity of these endogenous regulatory peptides, contributing to its anti-stress and neuroprotective profile through the opioid system in parallel to its neurotrophic and monoaminergic mechanisms. This shared enkephalinase-inhibiting property is one of the mechanistic connections between Semax and Selank — and a consideration for researchers designing studies involving both compounds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeuroimmunology \u0026amp; Gene Expression Profiling\u003c\/strong\u003e Gene expression profiling studies using microarray and RNA sequencing approaches have revealed that Semax modulates the expression of hundreds of genes in rat hippocampal and cortical tissue — including genes involved in neuronal survival, synaptic signalling, inflammatory cascade regulation, and neurotransmitter metabolism. The breadth of this transcriptional footprint is unusual for a heptapeptide and has led researchers to characterise Semax as a broad-spectrum neuromodulator whose full mechanistic profile is still being elucidated. Neuroimmunological research has also examined Semax's effects on cytokine expression in the CNS, with data suggesting anti-neuroinflammatory activity consistent with its neuroprotective profile in ischaemia models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eSemax vs. Selank: Key Research Distinctions\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBoth Semax and Selank were developed at the same Russian institute and are approved pharmaceuticals in Russia, yet they have distinct and complementary mechanistic profiles that make them different research tools. Researchers frequently use both compounds together to achieve mechanistic coverage across overlapping but non-identical CNS pathways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eParameter\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSemax\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSelank\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStructural origin\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eACTH(4-7) fragment\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTuftsin (immunopeptide)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMet-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eThr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePrimary CNS mechanism\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eBDNF\/TrkB upregulation, dopaminergic modulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eGABA-A positive allosteric modulation, serotonergic modulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNootropic profile\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCognitive enhancement, learning, attention\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAnxiolytic + cognitive (anti-stress)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAnxiolytic activity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eModerate (via PGP\/antistress)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePrimary activity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eNeuroprotection\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStrong (stroke models, BDNF\/NGF axis)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eModerate (anti-inflammatory)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eEnkephalinase inhibition\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eYes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eYes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eBDNF upregulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStrong (3-fold mRNA increase)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eDocumented\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eImmunomodulatory\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eModerate\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePrimary (tuftsin-derived)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eRussian approval\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStroke, cognitive disorders\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAnxiety, neurasthenia\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSemax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClassification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSynthetic ACTH(4-7) analogue — heptapeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₃₇H₅₁N₉O₁₀S\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e813.93 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e80714-61-0\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our Semax undergoes a comprehensive multi-stage quality control process prior to release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, correct ACTH(4-7) core sequence, and integrity of the C-terminal PGP extension\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across synthesis, purification, and quality testing. The C-terminal PGP extension is an analytically critical feature of Semax that distinguishes it from the native ACTH(4-7) tetrapeptide — our MS verification process explicitly confirms its presence and integrity to ensure research-grade accuracy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSemax lyophilised powder is readily soluble in sterile bacteriostatic water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Gently swirl to dissolve — do not vortex. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately and store at –20°C or at 2–8°C for short-term use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to preserve peptide integrity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eNote that Semax, like Selank, is not orally bioavailable due to rapid degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. Preclinical research protocols have most commonly employed intranasal or intraperitoneal administration routes in animal models — a consideration that should be incorporated into experimental design, particularly for in vivo protocols. The intranasal route is relevant to the compound's approved clinical form in Russia and aligns with the majority of published preclinical literature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eSemax Within the Research Peptide Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eSemax occupies a distinct and complementary position alongside Selank as the second dedicated CNS research peptide in our catalogue. Where Selank's primary research application is anxiolytic pharmacology via GABAergic modulation, Semax's primary research application is nootropic and neuroprotective neuroscience via BDNF\/TrkB upregulation, dopaminergic modulation, and stroke neuroprotection. Together they represent the two principal Russian neuropeptide research tools — with complementary mechanisms that make them frequently studied in combination.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWithin the broader catalogue, Semax's neurotrophin and neuromodulatory research applications provide a CNS-focused perspective that is mechanistically distinct from every other compound: the tissue repair biology of BPC-157 and TB-500, the extracellular matrix and genomic remodelling of GHK-Cu, the mitochondrial metabolism of MOTS-c, the triple hormonal agonism of retatrutide, the intracellular NAD+ biology of 5-Amino-1MQ, the endocrine axes of HGH, tesamorelin, CJC-1295 No DAC, ipamorelin, and HCG, and the GABAergic anxiolytic profile of Selank.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll peptides are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. Semax is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA or EMA. While Semax is registered as a pharmaceutical preparation in Russia for stroke and cognitive disorders, this research-grade product has not undergone the clinical evaluation required for therapeutic approval in Western regulatory jurisdictions. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals outside of appropriately approved and supervised research contexts. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":59643106033998,"sku":null,"price":19.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643106066766,"sku":null,"price":37.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_150329_c1b48004-a226-4662-9ede-61f179990b8e.png?v=1779451048"},{"product_id":"high-purity-tb-500-peptide","title":"TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eTB-500 | Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro-Asp-Met-Ala-Glu-Ile-Glu-Lys-Phe-Asp-Lys-Ser-Lys-Leu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Glu-Thr-Gln \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₅₀H₈₃N₁₅O₁₅ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1114.25 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e –20°C, away from light and moisture \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 77591-33-4\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is TB-500?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTB-500 is a synthetic analogue of Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4), a naturally occurring 43-amino-acid protein found in virtually all human and animal cells. TB-500 corresponds to the active region of Thymosin Beta-4 — specifically the actin-binding domain — which is widely considered to be the peptide's primary site of biological activity in preclinical models.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThymosin Beta-4 was first isolated from bovine thymus tissue in the early 1980s and has since become one of the most studied members of the beta-thymosin family. TB-500, as the synthetic research variant, allows scientists to investigate the specific mechanisms attributed to Tβ4's active sequence without the complexity of working with the full protein.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur TB-500 is manufactured under stringent quality-controlled conditions, achieving a verified purity of greater than 99% as confirmed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). It is supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder to maximise stability during storage and shipping.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTB-500 has been the subject of a significant and growing body of preclinical literature, with research spanning multiple disciplines including cellular biology, cardiovascular science, orthopaedics, and ophthalmology. Its primary mechanism of action centres on its ability to bind G-actin — a monomeric form of actin — thereby influencing cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eActin Sequestration \u0026amp; Cell Motility\u003c\/strong\u003e The most well-characterised property of Thymosin Beta-4 and its analogues is G-actin sequestration. By binding to actin monomers, TB-500 regulates the dynamic polymerisation of the actin cytoskeleton. This action is understood to play a central role in cell migration and has made the compound of considerable interest in wound healing and tissue remodelling research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTissue Repair \u0026amp; Wound Healing Models\u003c\/strong\u003e TB-500 has been extensively studied in preclinical wound healing models. Research in rodent models has explored its influence on keratinocyte migration, dermal repair, and angiogenic signalling. Studies have demonstrated accelerated wound closure in animal models, attributed in part to the upregulation of key repair-associated proteins including VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular \u0026amp; Cardiac Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Some of the most compelling TB-500 preclinical data has emerged from cardiovascular research. Studies in animal cardiac injury models — including myocardial infarction — have investigated Thymosin Beta-4's influence on cardiomyocyte survival, angiogenesis, and cardiac progenitor cell activation. Researchers have observed cardioprotective responses and promotion of vasculogenesis in ischaemic tissue models, making this a particularly active area of investigation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMusculoskeletal \u0026amp; Connective Tissue Research\u003c\/strong\u003e TB-500 has attracted substantial interest in musculoskeletal research contexts. Preclinical studies have explored the peptide in models of tendon, ligament, and muscle injury, with findings suggesting modulation of inflammatory markers and support for extracellular matrix remodelling. Its apparent influence on skeletal muscle satellite cell activation has also been a focus of recent in vitro studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnti-inflammatory Activity\u003c\/strong\u003e Research has indicated that Thymosin Beta-4 may modulate NF-κB signalling — a master regulator of inflammatory gene expression. Preclinical studies have observed downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β in relevant models, suggesting a potential role in resolving acute and chronic inflammation that warrants continued scientific investigation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeurological Research\u003c\/strong\u003e An emerging area of TB-500 research concerns neuroregeneration. Early-stage preclinical studies have examined the peptide's effects in models of brain injury, spinal cord trauma, and neuroinflammation, with some findings pointing to neuroprotective and oligodendrocyte-promoting activity. This remains an exploratory frontier requiring further rigorous study.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Analogue)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSequence\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAc-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro-Asp-Met-Ala-Glu-Ile-Glu-Lys-Phe-Asp-Lys-Ser-Lys-Leu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Glu-Thr-Gln\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or PBS\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e–20°C, keep away from light\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months when stored correctly (lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e77591-33-4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our TB-500 is subject to a comprehensive quality control process before it reaches researchers. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, sequence accuracy, and molecular weight\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWe maintain full traceability across our manufacturing and testing process, so researchers can rely on batch-to-batch consistency for reproducible experimental outcomes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTB-500 lyophilised powder should be reconstituted using sterile bacteriostatic water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), depending on the experimental protocol. Gently swirl — do not vortex — to avoid disrupting peptide integrity. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately and store at –20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, as these can compromise peptide stability and reduce experimental reliability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHow TB-500 Compares to BPC-157\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eResearchers frequently study TB-500 and BPC-157 in parallel due to their overlapping areas of preclinical interest — particularly tissue repair and inflammation modelling. While BPC-157 is gastric in origin and primarily studied via the nitric oxide and growth hormone receptor pathways, TB-500 acts principally through actin sequestration and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Their distinct mechanisms make them complementary subjects in multi-peptide research protocols, and both are available in our catalogue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. TB-500 is not approved for human or veterinary use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a drug, supplement, or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":59643106099534,"sku":null,"price":24.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643106132302,"sku":null,"price":34.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_183232_b14892fd-9cb4-459c-840f-d3e59f5ee05a_1.png?v=1779451049"},{"product_id":"tesamorelin-th9507","title":"Tesamorelin (TH9507) Peptide","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eTesamorelin | TH9507 | Stabilised Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Analogue | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso Known As:\u003c\/strong\u003e TH9507, Egrifta (pharmaceutical brand name) \u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tyr-Ala-Asp-Ala-Ile-Phe-Thr-Asn-Ser-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Val-Leu-Gly-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala-Arg-Lys-Leu-Leu-Gln-Asp-Ile-Met-Ser-Arg-Gln-Gln-Gly-Glu-Ser-Asn-Gln-Glu-Arg-Gly-Ala-Arg-Ala-Arg-Leu (44 residues, N-terminally modified) \u003cstrong\u003eModification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Trans-3-hexenoic acid moiety conjugated to N-terminal tyrosine residue \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₂₂₁H₃₆₆N₇₂O₆₇S \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5135.77 g\/mol \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2–8°C (refrigerated); –20°C for long-term storage \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 218949-48-5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is Tesamorelin?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTesamorelin (developmental code: TH9507; brand name Egrifta) is a synthetic 44-amino acid analogue of endogenous human growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), developed by Theratechnologies Inc. and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2010 — making it one of the very few research-grade peptides with full FDA approval and an extensive human clinical trial dataset behind it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEndogenous GHRH is a 44-amino acid hypothalamic peptide that binds to GHRH receptors on somatotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, stimulating the synthesis and pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH). While native GHRH is pharmacologically active, it is rapidly degraded in vivo by the serum enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) — which cleaves at the Tyr-Ala bond at the N-terminus — resulting in a biological half-life of only a few minutes and rendering it largely unsuitable as a sustained research tool.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTesamorelin addresses this limitation through a precise structural modification: conjugation of a trans-3-hexenoic acid moiety to the N-terminal tyrosine residue. This hydrophobic modification sterically protects the DPP-4 cleavage site, producing a compound with significantly enhanced metabolic stability while retaining full agonist activity at the GHRH receptor. The result is a peptide that reproduces the physiological pulsatile pattern of GH secretion — preserving the natural hypothalamic-pituitary feedback architecture — rather than delivering continuous, supraphysiological GH exposure as exogenous rhGH administration does. This key distinction has major implications for research design and for the safety and hormonal specificity profile of tesamorelin relative to direct GH administration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur tesamorelin is synthesised under strict quality-controlled manufacturing conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS), and supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for optimal stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Clinical Data\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTesamorelin carries one of the most extensive and rigorously validated clinical research profiles of any peptide available for laboratory study. It has been evaluated in large-scale, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III trials involving over 800 participants, with findings published in leading peer-reviewed journals. This level of clinical evidence is exceptional within the research peptide landscape and makes tesamorelin a uniquely robust reference compound for the GH\/IGF-1 axis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMechanism: GHRH Receptor Activation \u0026amp; Pulsatile GH Secretion\u003c\/strong\u003e Tesamorelin binds with high affinity to the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) — a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed predominantly on somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary. Receptor binding activates the adenylate cyclase–cAMP–PKA intracellular signalling cascade, promoting both acute GH release and longer-term GH gene transcription. Critically, this mechanism preserves the natural pulsatile pattern of GH secretion and maintains hypothalamic-pituitary IGF-1 feedback inhibition — meaning GH release remains physiologically regulated rather than driven to sustained supraphysiological levels. Downstream, elevated GH stimulates hepatic and peripheral production of IGF-1 and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which mediate the compound's anabolic, lipolytic, and tissue-remodelling effects at target tissues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePulsatile GH Augmentation — Clinical Study in Healthy Males\u003c\/strong\u003e A landmark mechanistic study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology \u0026amp; Metabolism examined the effects of tesamorelin at 2 mg daily for two weeks in 13 healthy males. Tesamorelin significantly increased mean overnight GH, average GH peak area, and basal GH secretion. IGF-1 increased by 181 ± 22 μg\/litre (P \u0026lt; 0.0001), while neither fasting glucose nor insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was significantly affected — an important finding demonstrating that tesamorelin's GH stimulation can substantially elevate IGF-1 without impairing peripheral insulin sensitivity, a key differentiator from direct exogenous rhGH administration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhase III Clinical Trials: HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy (LIPO-010 \u0026amp; CTR-1011)\u003c\/strong\u003e The pivotal Phase III evidence base for tesamorelin comprises two large, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials — LIPO-010 (n=412) and CTR-1011 (n=404) — enrolling a combined total of 816 HIV-infected patients with excess visceral adiposity associated with antiretroviral therapy. Across both trials, tesamorelin demonstrated consistent reductions in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of approximately 15–20%, accompanied by improvements in triglycerides, waist circumference, and patient-reported body image outcomes. These results were robust, reproducible across both trials, and formed the basis of the compound's FDA approval in 2010 as the first and only medication specifically indicated for reducing excess abdominal fat in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy. An important finding from these trials was that tesamorelin significantly reduced visceral adipose tissue without adversely affecting subcutaneous fat or inducing insulin resistance — a clinically meaningful distinction from direct GH therapy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNAFLD \u0026amp; Liver Fat Research — The Lancet HIV\u003c\/strong\u003e Beyond visceral fat reduction, tesamorelin has been studied in models of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease. Tesamorelin is also being evaluated as therapy for insulin resistance, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In a substudy examining HIV-positive participants with NAFLD, tesamorelin produced clinically meaningful reductions in liver fat content and, in some analyses, attenuation of fibrosis progression markers — findings of significant interest to researchers working in hepatology and liver metabolic disease.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular Research\u003c\/strong\u003e In a study of tesamorelin (2 mg\/day subcutaneously) in 60 abdominally obese volunteers with reduced peak GH stimulation, 12 months of treatment significantly decreased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), VAT, C-reactive protein, and triglycerides compared to placebo. Reductions in cIMT — a validated surrogate marker of coronary atherosclerosis — are of particular interest to cardiovascular researchers, though the relative contributions of IGF-1 elevation, VAT reduction, and anti-inflammatory effects to this outcome continue to be investigated.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCognitive \u0026amp; Neuroendocrine Research\u003c\/strong\u003e An emerging and scientifically compelling area of tesamorelin research concerns cognitive function and neuroendocrine biology. Given the well-established role of the GH\/IGF-1 axis in hippocampal neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotection — and the progressive decline of GH secretion with age — tesamorelin has been investigated as a research tool for examining GH-mediated cognitive effects. Studies have explored tesamorelin's influence on verbal memory, executive function, and brain amyloid-beta metabolism in older adults, with findings suggesting a potential role for the GH\/IGF-1 axis in age-related cognitive trajectories that merits continued investigation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic Syndrome \u0026amp; Insulin Resistance Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Beyond the HIV-lipodystrophy indication, researchers have studied tesamorelin in broader models of visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome. Tesamorelin's stimulation of pulsatile GH release is thought to preferentially target visceral adipose tissue, suppress hepatic lipogenesis, and improve body-composition biomarkers. Its selectivity for visceral over subcutaneous fat — a pattern consistent with the physiological role of pulsatile GH in fat distribution — makes tesamorelin a valuable tool for researchers seeking to dissect the specific metabolic consequences of visceral adiposity and GH axis dysregulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAgeing \u0026amp; Somatopause Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The progressive decline in GH secretion with age — somatopause — is associated with increased visceral adiposity, reduced lean mass, impaired bone density, and deteriorating metabolic parameters. Tesamorelin's capacity to restore more youthful pulsatile GH dynamics without bypassing natural feedback mechanisms makes it an important research tool for studying somatopause-related metabolic changes and the role of the GH axis in healthy ageing trajectories. Unlike exogenous rhGH, which replaces GH directly and suppresses endogenous secretion, tesamorelin stimulates the pituitary — preserving the regulatory architecture while augmenting output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eTesamorelin vs. Exogenous rhGH: A Key Research Distinction\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eA critical consideration for researchers choosing between tesamorelin and recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is the fundamentally different hormonal environment each creates. Direct rhGH administration delivers continuous, non-pulsatile GH exposure that can suppress endogenous GH secretion via negative feedback and frequently drives IGF-1 to supraphysiological levels — increasing the risk of insulin resistance and other GH excess effects. Tesamorelin, by contrast, stimulates the pituitary to release GH in the natural pulsatile pattern, maintains hypothalamic-pituitary feedback integrity, and produces more physiological IGF-1 elevation. This distinction is experimentally important: researchers studying the consequences of physiological versus supraphysiological GH axis activity, or seeking to model GH restoration without disrupting endocrine homeostasis, will find tesamorelin and rhGH produce meaningfully different experimental conditions that must be accounted for in protocol design.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eBoth tesamorelin and rhGH are available in our catalogue, allowing researchers to select the most appropriate tool for their specific experimental model.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTesamorelin (TH9507)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eClassification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStabilised GHRH analogue — 44-amino acid polypeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eN-terminal Modification\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eTrans-3-hexenoic acid (DPP-4 protection)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₂₂₁H₃₆₆N₇₂O₆₇S\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5135.77 g\/mol\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or bacteriostatic water\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e2–8°C (short-term); –20°C (long-term, lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months lyophilised; use reconstituted solution within 28 days (2–8°C)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e218949-48-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our tesamorelin undergoes a comprehensive multi-stage quality control process before release. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99% and correct modification profile\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, N-terminal hexenoyl modification integrity, and full 44-residue sequence accuracy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms correct molecular weight profile under denaturing conditions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across synthesis, purification, and quality testing. The N-terminal modification is an analytically critical feature of tesamorelin that requires specific MS verification — our QC process explicitly confirms hexenoyl conjugation integrity to ensure research-grade reliability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTesamorelin lyophilised powder should be reconstituted by gently adding sterile bacteriostatic water to the side of the vial — not directly onto the powder. Swirl gently until fully dissolved; do not vortex. Once reconstituted, aliquot immediately and store at 2–8°C for short-term use (within 28 days) or at –20°C in lyophilised form for long-term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to preserve the integrity of the N-terminal modification and peptide structure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAs a larger modified peptide, tesamorelin shares some storage sensitivity characteristics with rhGH and should be handled with the same care given to other complex peptide research compounds. All handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eTesamorelin Within the Research Peptide Catalogue\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eTesamorelin occupies a distinctive position within our catalogue as the only GHRH-axis upstream secretagogue — acting at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary interface to stimulate endogenous GH production, rather than delivering GH directly as rhGH does. This upstream mechanism complements rhGH by allowing researchers to study pituitary-mediated GH secretion and the effects of physiological GH pulsatility, in contrast to the non-pulsatile exogenous GH exposure that rhGH produces.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWithin the broader metabolic research landscape of the catalogue, tesamorelin's GH\/IGF-1 axis activity is mechanistically distinct from — and complementary to — the systemic triple hormone receptor agonism of retatrutide, the mitochondrial AMPK signalling of MOTS-c, and the intracellular NAD+ axis of 5-Amino-1MQ. Researchers studying visceral adiposity, metabolic ageing, or body composition from multiple mechanistic angles will find tesamorelin provides a physiological hormonal signalling perspective that is not replicated by any other compound in the catalogue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll peptides in our catalogue are manufactured to the same \u0026gt;99% purity standard and are supported by batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. While tesamorelin (Egrifta) holds FDA approval for the reduction of excess abdominal fat in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy, this research-grade product is not supplied for therapeutic use and must not be administered to humans or animals outside of appropriately authorised and supervised clinical contexts. It is not a supplement or food product. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"5mg","offer_id":59643106165070,"sku":null,"price":31.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true},{"title":"10mg","offer_id":59643106197838,"sku":null,"price":58.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260512_165945_694518ab-1023-49d6-a4fb-f65050e23721.png?v=1779451053"},{"product_id":"hgh-peptide","title":"HGH Peptide","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHGH | Somatotropin | Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (rhGH) | Research Peptide\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso Known As:\u003c\/strong\u003e Somatotropin, rhGH, Growth Hormone (GH), HGH \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Structure:\u003c\/strong\u003e 191-amino acid single-chain polypeptide, four-helix bundle \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₉₉₀H₁₅₂₈N₂₆₂O₃₀₀S₇ \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 22,124 Da \u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e \u0026gt;99% (HPLC verified) \u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilised powder \u003cstrong\u003eAvailable Sizes:\u003c\/strong\u003e 5mg | 10mg \u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2–8°C (refrigerated); –20°C for long-term storage \u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 12629-01-5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eWhat Is HGH (Somatotropin)?\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHuman Growth Hormone (HGH), formally known as somatotropin, is a 191-amino acid single-chain polypeptide produced naturally by somatotropic cells within the anterior pituitary gland. It is one of the most structurally and functionally characterised hormones in human biology, and one of the longest-studied peptide hormones in the scientific literature — with research dating back to the 1950s. Its characteristic four-helix bundle structure is essential for binding to the growth hormone receptor (GHR), and this interaction underlies the full spectrum of its biological activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHGH production is tightly regulated by several complex feedback mechanisms in response to stress, exercise, nutrition, sleep, and growth hormone. The primary regulatory factors are growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), produced in the hypothalamus; somatostatin, produced in various tissues throughout the body; and ghrelin, produced in the gastrointestinal tract. The net result of these interlocking regulatory signals is a pulsatile release pattern — with the largest secretory pulses occurring during deep sleep — that produces circulating HGH levels which peak during adolescence and decline progressively with age thereafter.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eThe recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) supplied here is produced via recombinant DNA technology, yielding a molecule that is structurally identical to endogenous pituitary-derived somatotropin. This form — abbreviated rhGH in the scientific literature — has been the standard research-grade form since recombinant production methods superseded cadaveric extraction in the 1980s, and it remains the reference compound for the full body of modern growth hormone research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOur HGH is manufactured under strict quality-controlled conditions, verified to a purity of greater than 99% by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS), and supplied as a lyophilised (freeze-dried) powder for optimal stability and shelf life.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eResearch Background \u0026amp; Scientific Interest\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHGH has one of the most extensive and mature research profiles of any peptide in existence — with over six decades of published science spanning endocrinology, cell biology, metabolic medicine, musculoskeletal research, cardiovascular science, and neuroscience. Its central role in growth, metabolism, and tissue homeostasis makes it a foundational reference compound for researchers across a wide range of disciplines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMechanism of Action: Direct \u0026amp; Indirect Pathways\u003c\/strong\u003e HGH has two mechanisms of action: direct and indirect. The direct effects of HGH on the body occur through its binding to target cells, stimulating a response. The indirect effects occur primarily through insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which hepatocytes secrete in response to elevated HGH binding to surface receptors. Once activated, the Janus-activated tyrosine kinases (JAKs) 1 and 2 bind to the latent cytoplasmic transcription factors STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5, and transport them into the nucleus, inducing increased gene transcription and metabolism to produce IGF-1 for release into the circulation. IGF-1 then mediates many of HGH's anabolic and growth-promoting effects at peripheral tissues. Researchers therefore study HGH and IGF-1 as an integrated axis rather than as independent compounds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth, Cell Proliferation \u0026amp; Tissue Development\u003c\/strong\u003e HGH stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals, and also stimulates production of IGF-1 and increases the concentration of glucose and free fatty acids. In the context of preclinical research, this broad anabolic and mitogenic activity makes HGH a central reference compound in studies examining skeletal growth, organ development, chondrocyte and osteoblast biology, and the regulation of cell cycle progression. Its role in cartilage and long bone development via IGF-1-mediated growth plate stimulation remains one of the most studied areas of growth hormone biology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic Research: Lipolysis, Glucose Homeostasis \u0026amp; Body Composition\u003c\/strong\u003e HGH exerts direct metabolic effects that are distinct from — and at times opposing to — its IGF-1-mediated growth effects. In preclinical and clinical research, HGH has been studied extensively for its lipolytic activity: it directly stimulates hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue, promoting the mobilisation of free fatty acids as an energy substrate. Simultaneously, HGH exerts anti-insulin effects by reducing peripheral glucose uptake and increasing hepatic glucose output — effects that have made the GH–IGF-1 axis a central subject in diabetes research, insulin sensitivity modelling, and metabolic syndrome studies. Researchers use rhGH as a reference compound to investigate the interaction between growth factor signalling and insulin signalling pathways, as well as the downstream effects of GH excess and deficiency states on body composition, fat distribution, and lipid metabolism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMusculoskeletal \u0026amp; Anabolic Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The role of HGH in skeletal muscle biology has been a subject of sustained research interest. Preclinical studies have investigated HGH's influence on satellite cell activation, myofibrillar protein synthesis, muscle hypertrophy, and recovery from muscle injury — effects largely mediated through the GH receptor and downstream IGF-1 signalling in muscle tissue. HGH is known to help improve and increase muscle mass through a process known as hypertrophy, and also boosts protein synthesis in the body. Research has also examined HGH's effects on nitrogen retention, amino acid transport, and the balance between protein synthesis and degradation in skeletal muscle — making it an important reference compound in studies examining sarcopenia, cachexia, and muscle wasting conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHGH's influence on bone mineral density and calcium metabolism has similarly attracted substantial research attention. It is also known to help improve calcium retention in cells, which leads to an increase in bone strength. Preclinical and translational research has investigated these effects in models of osteoporosis, fracture healing, and skeletal remodelling, with IGF-1 identified as a key mediator of HGH's osteoanabolic activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImmune System Research\u003c\/strong\u003e Another well-known function of HGH is the way it acts to stimulate the immune system. Preclinical research has investigated HGH's influence on thymic function, lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer cell activity, and cytokine production. The GH receptor is expressed on multiple immune cell types, and the GH–IGF-1 axis is now understood to play an important modulatory role in both innate and adaptive immunity. This has generated research interest in HGH's potential role in immune senescence — the age-associated decline in immune function — given the parallel decline in GH secretion observed with advancing age.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAgeing \u0026amp; GH Deficiency Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The progressive decline in HGH secretion with age — a phenomenon sometimes termed somatopause — is associated with a well-characterised constellation of metabolic and physiological changes including increased fat mass, reduced lean body mass, decreased bone density, impaired exercise capacity, and reduced quality of life. This relationship has made rhGH an important tool in ageing research, where it is used as a reference compound to investigate the biological consequences of GH deficiency and the mechanistic basis of age-related metabolic decline. Studies comparing GH-replete and GH-deficient animal models have been particularly valuable for delineating the specific contributions of the GH–IGF-1 axis to healthy ageing trajectories.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCardiovascular Research\u003c\/strong\u003e The GH–IGF-1 axis exerts significant influence on cardiovascular structure and function, and has been studied extensively in both directions — deficiency and excess. In GH-deficient animal models, researchers have observed increased cardiovascular risk markers including dyslipidaemia, endothelial dysfunction, and reduced cardiac output. Conversely, GH excess models have been used to study the pathophysiology of acromegaly-related cardiomyopathy and hypertension. These two poles of the research landscape have contributed to a nuanced understanding of the dose-dependent and receptor-mediated cardiovascular effects of GH signalling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeuroendocrinology \u0026amp; CNS Research\u003c\/strong\u003e GH receptors are expressed in multiple brain regions, and HGH has been investigated in preclinical models of cognitive function, neuroprotection, and neuroendocrine regulation. Research has examined the role of the GH–IGF-1 axis in hippocampal neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and the regulation of mood-associated neurotransmitter systems. These findings have contributed to a growing body of evidence suggesting that the age-related decline in GH secretion may have consequences for cognitive and neurological function beyond its well-characterised metabolic effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"overflow-x-auto w-full px-2 mb-6\"\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"min-w-full border-collapse text-sm leading-[1.7] whitespace-normal\"\u003e\n\u003cthead class=\"text-left\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eSpecification\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth scope=\"col\" class=\"text-text-100 border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/60 py-2 pr-4 align-top font-bold\"\u003eDetail\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePeptide\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eHGH — Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (rhGH)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAlso Known As\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSomatotropin, Growth Hormone (GH)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStructure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e191-amino acid single-chain polypeptide, four-helix bundle\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Formula\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eC₉₉₀H₁₅₂₈N₂₆₂O₃₀₀S₇\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e22,124 Da\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e\u0026gt;99% (HPLC \u0026amp; MS verified)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eForm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eLyophilised powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eVial Sizes\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e5mg, 10mg\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eAppearance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eWhite to off-white powder\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSolubility\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eSoluble in sterile water or bacteriostatic water\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eStorage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e2–8°C (short-term); –20°C (long-term, lyophilised)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eShelf Life\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e24 months lyophilised; use reconstituted solution within 28 days (2–8°C)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003eCAS Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd class=\"border-b-0.5 border-border-300\/30 py-2 pr-4 align-top\"\u003e12629-01-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eQuality \u0026amp; Purity Assurance\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eEvery batch of our recombinant HGH undergoes a rigorous multi-stage quality control and release process. Our assurance pipeline includes:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"[li_\u0026amp;]:mb-0 [li_\u0026amp;]:mt-1 [li_\u0026amp;]:gap-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [\u0026amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-disc flex flex-col gap-1 pl-8 mb-3\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHPLC Analysis\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms peptide purity exceeding 99% and correct isoform profile\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMass Spectrometry (MS)\u003c\/strong\u003e — verifies molecular identity, molecular weight, and structural integrity of the 191-amino acid sequence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/strong\u003e — confirms correct molecular weight band and purity under denaturing conditions\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEndotoxin Testing\u003c\/strong\u003e — ensures the product is free from bacterial endotoxins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"font-claude-response-body whitespace-normal break-words pl-2\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCertificate of Analysis (CoA)\u003c\/strong\u003e — available for every batch upon request\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eFull batch traceability is maintained across fermentation, purification, and quality testing. Given the complexity of the rhGH molecule relative to shorter synthetic peptides, our multi-method QC approach is particularly important for confirming correct folding, isoform composition, and bioactivity-relevant structural integrity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHandling \u0026amp; Reconstitution (Research Use)\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eLyophilised rhGH powder should be reconstituted by slowly adding sterile bacteriostatic water (0.3% benzyl alcohol) or sterile water for injection directly to the side of the vial — do not inject water directly onto the powder or vortex. Swirl gently until fully dissolved. The recommended reconstitution volume will depend on the experimental protocol and desired working concentration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eOnce reconstituted, rhGH solution should be stored at 2–8°C and used within 28 days. For longer-term storage, aliquot the lyophilised powder prior to reconstitution and store at –20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. As a larger, more complex protein than typical synthetic peptides, rhGH is more susceptible to degradation from heat, agitation, and improper storage — careful handling is essential to maintain research-grade integrity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eAll handling should comply with standard laboratory safety protocols and applicable institutional or regulatory guidelines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003eHGH in the Context of the GH Research Axis\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eHGH is the central reference compound in a broader family of growth axis research tools. Researchers frequently study rhGH alongside related compounds to dissect the upstream and downstream components of GH signalling. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its analogues — including sermorelin and CJC-1295 — represent the upstream secretagogue axis, while IGF-1 and its analogues (including IGF-1 LR3) represent the primary downstream effector pathway. Growth hormone-releasing peptides (GHRPs) such as GHRP-2 and GHRP-6 offer an alternative stimulatory approach via ghrelin receptor activation, while the HGH fragment 176–191 (AOD-9604) provides a tool for investigating the specific lipolytic domain of the molecule in isolation from its growth-promoting effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003eWithin our broader catalogue, rhGH occupies a distinct endocrine research niche relative to the tissue-repair focused peptides BPC-157 and TB-500, the genomic and matrix remodelling compound GHK-Cu, the mitochondrial metabolic peptide MOTS-c, the systemic hormonal triple agonist retatrutide, and the intracellular NNMT inhibitor 5-Amino-1MQ. Together, these compounds offer researchers a diverse, mechanistically broad toolkit spanning endocrine signalling, tissue biology, metabolic regulation, and cellular ageing research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003chr class=\"border-border-200 border-t-0.5 my-3 mx-1.5\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"text-text-100 mt-2 -mb-1 text-base font-bold\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eImportant Notice\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"font-claude-response-body break-words whitespace-normal leading-[1.7]\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThis product is intended strictly for in vitro research and laboratory use only. Recombinant human growth hormone is a prescription-only medicine in most jurisdictions and is not approved for non-prescription or non-therapeutic human use by the FDA, EMA, or any other regulatory authority. It is not a supplement or food product. This product must not be administered to humans or animals outside of appropriately approved and supervised clinical or veterinary contexts. By purchasing this product, the buyer confirms they are a qualified researcher and will use the compound solely for lawful scientific research purposes.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"NEXYRALAB","offers":[{"title":"10iu","offer_id":59726767849806,"sku":null,"price":29.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1035\/3351\/0990\/files\/hf_20260224_165928_843290e3-a35a-4a46-8a61-4d3b8b91ba27.jpg?v=1780245162"}],"url":"https:\/\/nexyralab.com\/collections\/best-selling-products.oembed","provider":"Nexyralab.com","version":"1.0","type":"link"}